| Summary: | The ubiquitous plastic pollutant, occurring as the microplastic (<5 mm) particles in
the marine environments. Pristine regions include ocean in Arctic and Antarctica were
observed with the presence of marine plastic pollution contributed by few potential
transportation routes. The existence of marine plastic pollution poses severe
ecotoxicological and ecological risk to the marine organisms and subsequently
compromising human population benefits. Hence, this review aims to discuss about
marine microplastics, emphasizing their toxic effects to marine organisms and the
possible biological approaches to remove marine microplastic. Several combined
toxicity effects contributed from the combination of microplastic and chemical
additives (i.e., Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, oxybenzone, chlorpyrifos &
glyphosate) were also discussed to highlight the actual presence of these pollutants in
the marine plastic polluted sites. Recent studies have suggested the plastic
biodegradation as a feasible removal approach, thus the potential exploitation of the
microorganisms was reviewed in accordance with the marine plastic pollution.
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