Biosugars production from napier grass used in phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge
Napier grass is well known as a substrate for biosugars production, due to its considerable cellulose content. It also has suitable features as phytoremediator in treating wastewater, for example, high growth rate and high tolerance to contaminants. A study has proven that phytoremediation of...
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Format: | Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2020
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Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98005/1/FBSB%202020%2020%20UPM%20IR.pdf |
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author | Osman, Nurul Atiqah |
author_facet | Osman, Nurul Atiqah |
author_sort | Osman, Nurul Atiqah |
collection | UPM |
description | Napier grass is well known as a substrate for biosugars production, due to its
considerable cellulose content. It also has suitable features as
phytoremediator in treating wastewater, for example, high growth rate and
high tolerance to contaminants. A study has proven that phytoremediation of
palm oil mill effluent final discharge (POME FD) using Napier grass can be
applied in constructed wetland treatment system. However, the potential of
utilising Napier grass after phytoremediation of POME FD has not been fully
studied. Therefore, it is crucial to study the properties of the Napier grass,
which include the physical analysis, lignocellulosic composition, and elements
and heavy metals concentration deposited in the plant after phytoremediation.
Apart from that, the compounds in POME FD may influence cellulose content
in plants, and can inhibit saccharification process. Therefore, it is important to
determine the effect of POME FD on the yield of biosugars obtained after
saccharification.
In this study, the effect of POME FD on the Napier grass cultivars (Common
and Red cultivar) in a constructed wetland system was evaluated. The two
months old Napier grass cultivars were used in this study. The treatment
systems were supplied with 5 litre of POME FD per day, whereas the control
systems were supplied with rainwater at 5 litre every day, for 8 weeks. The
height and the number of tiller and leaves, were measured for every weeks.
The plants were harvested at week 8. The stems were pressed and the juice
obtained were analysed for sugar and elements content determination. The
dried stems and leaves were used for the lignocellulosic composition analysis,
while only stem sample were used in the alkaline pretreatment and saccharification for biosugars determination. A 20 FPU/gsubstrate of
Acremonium cellulase was used in the saccharification.
The results revealed that the percentage of height increments of the plant from
week 0 to week 8 in treatment system for Common and Red cultivars were
61.72 ± 2.36% and 109.98 ± 2.05%, respectively, as compared to those in
control, which were 14.42 ± 2.11% and 30.30 ± 1.75%, respectively. These
results indicated the ability of Napier grass to absorb the necessary nutrients
from POME FD for plant growth. Besides, Napier grass cultivar grown in
treatment system have higher cellulose percentage (38.77 ± 0.29% and 42.29
± 0.95%, for Common and Red cultivar, respectively) compared with control
(34.16 ± 1.01% and 36.14± 0.45%, respectively). Thus, it is more suitable as
substrate for biosugars production. In addition, the result revealed that heavy
metals concentration absorbed and accumulated in Napier grass stem, leaves
and juice were below the standard limit of World Health Organization (WHO).
As for glucose conversion yield percentage, there is no significant difference
between the treatment and control biomass. This suggested that concentration
of elements deposited in stem of treatment system biomass does not inhibit
saccharification process. The findings of this study can be used as a reference
for further utilisation of Napier grass after being used in the phytoremediation
of POME FD. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-06T11:07:27Z |
format | Thesis |
id | upm.eprints-98005 |
institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-06T11:07:27Z |
publishDate | 2020 |
record_format | dspace |
spelling | upm.eprints-980052022-07-12T04:46:11Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98005/ Biosugars production from napier grass used in phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge Osman, Nurul Atiqah Napier grass is well known as a substrate for biosugars production, due to its considerable cellulose content. It also has suitable features as phytoremediator in treating wastewater, for example, high growth rate and high tolerance to contaminants. A study has proven that phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge (POME FD) using Napier grass can be applied in constructed wetland treatment system. However, the potential of utilising Napier grass after phytoremediation of POME FD has not been fully studied. Therefore, it is crucial to study the properties of the Napier grass, which include the physical analysis, lignocellulosic composition, and elements and heavy metals concentration deposited in the plant after phytoremediation. Apart from that, the compounds in POME FD may influence cellulose content in plants, and can inhibit saccharification process. Therefore, it is important to determine the effect of POME FD on the yield of biosugars obtained after saccharification. In this study, the effect of POME FD on the Napier grass cultivars (Common and Red cultivar) in a constructed wetland system was evaluated. The two months old Napier grass cultivars were used in this study. The treatment systems were supplied with 5 litre of POME FD per day, whereas the control systems were supplied with rainwater at 5 litre every day, for 8 weeks. The height and the number of tiller and leaves, were measured for every weeks. The plants were harvested at week 8. The stems were pressed and the juice obtained were analysed for sugar and elements content determination. The dried stems and leaves were used for the lignocellulosic composition analysis, while only stem sample were used in the alkaline pretreatment and saccharification for biosugars determination. A 20 FPU/gsubstrate of Acremonium cellulase was used in the saccharification. The results revealed that the percentage of height increments of the plant from week 0 to week 8 in treatment system for Common and Red cultivars were 61.72 ± 2.36% and 109.98 ± 2.05%, respectively, as compared to those in control, which were 14.42 ± 2.11% and 30.30 ± 1.75%, respectively. These results indicated the ability of Napier grass to absorb the necessary nutrients from POME FD for plant growth. Besides, Napier grass cultivar grown in treatment system have higher cellulose percentage (38.77 ± 0.29% and 42.29 ± 0.95%, for Common and Red cultivar, respectively) compared with control (34.16 ± 1.01% and 36.14± 0.45%, respectively). Thus, it is more suitable as substrate for biosugars production. In addition, the result revealed that heavy metals concentration absorbed and accumulated in Napier grass stem, leaves and juice were below the standard limit of World Health Organization (WHO). As for glucose conversion yield percentage, there is no significant difference between the treatment and control biomass. This suggested that concentration of elements deposited in stem of treatment system biomass does not inhibit saccharification process. The findings of this study can be used as a reference for further utilisation of Napier grass after being used in the phytoremediation of POME FD. 2020-07 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98005/1/FBSB%202020%2020%20UPM%20IR.pdf Osman, Nurul Atiqah (2020) Biosugars production from napier grass used in phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Phytoremediation - Case studies Pennisetum purpureum Palm oil |
spellingShingle | Phytoremediation - Case studies Pennisetum purpureum Palm oil Osman, Nurul Atiqah Biosugars production from napier grass used in phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge |
title | Biosugars production from napier grass used in phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge |
title_full | Biosugars production from napier grass used in phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge |
title_fullStr | Biosugars production from napier grass used in phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge |
title_full_unstemmed | Biosugars production from napier grass used in phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge |
title_short | Biosugars production from napier grass used in phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge |
title_sort | biosugars production from napier grass used in phytoremediation of palm oil mill effluent final discharge |
topic | Phytoremediation - Case studies Pennisetum purpureum Palm oil |
url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98005/1/FBSB%202020%2020%20UPM%20IR.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv | AT osmannurulatiqah biosugarsproductionfromnapiergrassusedinphytoremediationofpalmoilmilleffluentfinaldischarge |