1st. International Conference on Sports and Exercise Science 2009 Bangkok, Thailand 01-03 Disember 2009
EFFECTS OF SOUND AIDED IMAGERY TRAINING ON PERFORMANCE SCORE, HEART RATE AND PERCEIVED STATE ANXIETY IN KELANTAN STATE BOWLING ATHLETES The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of 4-weeks sound-aided imagery intervention among state bowling athletes. The parameters observ...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Monograph |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Universiti Sains Malaysia
2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/57359/1/EN.%20NURUL%20AZUAR%20HAMZAH.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797013837078069248 |
|---|---|
| author | Hamzah, Nurul Azuar |
| author_facet | Hamzah, Nurul Azuar |
| author_sort | Hamzah, Nurul Azuar |
| collection | USM |
| description | EFFECTS OF SOUND AIDED IMAGERY TRAINING ON
PERFORMANCE SCORE, HEART RATE AND PERCEIVED STATE
ANXIETY IN KELANTAN STATE BOWLING ATHLETES
The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of 4-weeks sound-aided imagery
intervention among state bowling athletes. The parameters observed were performance score,
pre-performance heart rate and perceived state anxiety by using CSAI-2. It was well documented that
imagery can significantly enhance the psychological state as well as skill performance (see Holmes &
Simth, 2004 and Silbernagel er. a/, 2007). Through imagery, an athlete can construct pictures and scenes
by recreating experiences or create experiences without receiving external stimuli or producing overt
behavior. There are different ways in performing imagery where the most popular is using written script
(Perry & Morris, 1995). However, written scripts are unlikely to create clear imagery whereas the use of
audio was suggested can involve greater multinsensory during imagery (Hales, 1994 and Holmes and
Collins, 2001). The subjects of this study comprised twelve state bowling athletes (mean
age=l4.5±l.45). They were randomly divided into three groups; sound-aided group (VSI), verbal
imagery group (VI) and control group (C). Intervention was supervised in experimental group three times
per week before training session for four weeks. A competition was conducted during the post test and all
parameters were collected 40 minutes before the game. Result from one-way ANOVA revealed that there
was non-significant difference in all variables measured when comparing between the groups except for
performance score. We concluded that this four weeks sound aided verbal imagery training did not bring
a significant impact on the pre-competitive heart rate and perceived state anxiety although some values
were observed to be slightly higher compared to control group.
The present study formulated the use of audio and verbal approach in order to improve the efficacy of
imagery given. Pre-competitive state anxiety was assessed since it is a common symptom in sport
situation. It was reported that imagery may modify perception of anxiety a:nd thus aid perfonnance (Page
et. a!, 1999). Theoretically, athletes should display low level of cognitive state anxiety and moderate
level of somatic state anxiety for a good performance. Imagery also serves as predictors for cognitive and
somatic anxiety through its motivational arousal construct. Imagery is an effective way to regulate the
symptom of anxiety such as increased heart rate arid we think that detennining the effectiveness of the
modality on this aspect is needed. On practical perspective, it is hope that this study will give the
implication in implementing imagery intervention to improve the sport performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T16:07:44Z |
| format | Monograph |
| id | usm.eprints-57359 |
| institution | Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T16:07:44Z |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publisher | Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | usm.eprints-573592023-03-15T08:37:20Z http://eprints.usm.my/57359/ 1st. International Conference on Sports and Exercise Science 2009 Bangkok, Thailand 01-03 Disember 2009 Hamzah, Nurul Azuar GV Recreation Leisure R735-854 Medical education. Medical schools. Research EFFECTS OF SOUND AIDED IMAGERY TRAINING ON PERFORMANCE SCORE, HEART RATE AND PERCEIVED STATE ANXIETY IN KELANTAN STATE BOWLING ATHLETES The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of 4-weeks sound-aided imagery intervention among state bowling athletes. The parameters observed were performance score, pre-performance heart rate and perceived state anxiety by using CSAI-2. It was well documented that imagery can significantly enhance the psychological state as well as skill performance (see Holmes & Simth, 2004 and Silbernagel er. a/, 2007). Through imagery, an athlete can construct pictures and scenes by recreating experiences or create experiences without receiving external stimuli or producing overt behavior. There are different ways in performing imagery where the most popular is using written script (Perry & Morris, 1995). However, written scripts are unlikely to create clear imagery whereas the use of audio was suggested can involve greater multinsensory during imagery (Hales, 1994 and Holmes and Collins, 2001). The subjects of this study comprised twelve state bowling athletes (mean age=l4.5±l.45). They were randomly divided into three groups; sound-aided group (VSI), verbal imagery group (VI) and control group (C). Intervention was supervised in experimental group three times per week before training session for four weeks. A competition was conducted during the post test and all parameters were collected 40 minutes before the game. Result from one-way ANOVA revealed that there was non-significant difference in all variables measured when comparing between the groups except for performance score. We concluded that this four weeks sound aided verbal imagery training did not bring a significant impact on the pre-competitive heart rate and perceived state anxiety although some values were observed to be slightly higher compared to control group. The present study formulated the use of audio and verbal approach in order to improve the efficacy of imagery given. Pre-competitive state anxiety was assessed since it is a common symptom in sport situation. It was reported that imagery may modify perception of anxiety a:nd thus aid perfonnance (Page et. a!, 1999). Theoretically, athletes should display low level of cognitive state anxiety and moderate level of somatic state anxiety for a good performance. Imagery also serves as predictors for cognitive and somatic anxiety through its motivational arousal construct. Imagery is an effective way to regulate the symptom of anxiety such as increased heart rate arid we think that detennining the effectiveness of the modality on this aspect is needed. On practical perspective, it is hope that this study will give the implication in implementing imagery intervention to improve the sport performance. Universiti Sains Malaysia 2012 Monograph NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.usm.my/57359/1/EN.%20NURUL%20AZUAR%20HAMZAH.pdf Hamzah, Nurul Azuar (2012) 1st. International Conference on Sports and Exercise Science 2009 Bangkok, Thailand 01-03 Disember 2009. Other. Universiti Sains Malaysia. (Submitted) |
| spellingShingle | GV Recreation Leisure R735-854 Medical education. Medical schools. Research Hamzah, Nurul Azuar 1st. International Conference on Sports and Exercise Science 2009 Bangkok, Thailand 01-03 Disember 2009 |
| title | 1st. International Conference on Sports and Exercise Science 2009
Bangkok, Thailand
01-03 Disember 2009 |
| title_full | 1st. International Conference on Sports and Exercise Science 2009
Bangkok, Thailand
01-03 Disember 2009 |
| title_fullStr | 1st. International Conference on Sports and Exercise Science 2009
Bangkok, Thailand
01-03 Disember 2009 |
| title_full_unstemmed | 1st. International Conference on Sports and Exercise Science 2009
Bangkok, Thailand
01-03 Disember 2009 |
| title_short | 1st. International Conference on Sports and Exercise Science 2009
Bangkok, Thailand
01-03 Disember 2009 |
| title_sort | 1st international conference on sports and exercise science 2009 bangkok thailand 01 03 disember 2009 |
| topic | GV Recreation Leisure R735-854 Medical education. Medical schools. Research |
| url | http://eprints.usm.my/57359/1/EN.%20NURUL%20AZUAR%20HAMZAH.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hamzahnurulazuar 1stinternationalconferenceonsportsandexercisescience2009bangkokthailand0103disember2009 |