| Summary: | This study investigates the relationship between dialysis adequacy, sleep quality,
protein and fluid intake among haemodialysis patients at Hospital Pakar Universiti Sains
Malaysia (HPUSM). A cross-sectional study was conducted among 114 patients aged 18-
60 years old. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep
Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality, three days dietary diaries for dietary intake
and Kt/V value for dialysis adequacy. Out of 114 subjects, 104 subjects (91.2%) had
adequate haemodialysis therapy (Kt/V > 1.2); 17 subjects (14.9%) had good sleep quality
(PSQI scores < 5); median of protein intake is 50.39g and 55.77g with interquartile range
of 44.73g and 36.03g for men and women respectively. There is significantly association
between gender and occupation (p < 0.001), between gender and monthly household
income (p < 0.001), between gender and education level (p = 0.02) with women had
higher education level than men, and between gender and fluid intake (p = 0.015) with
men had higher fluid intake than women. There is also significantly association between
protein intake and dialysis adequacy (p = 0.02) with higher protein intake higher dialysis
adequacy and fluid intake and sleep quality (p = 0.046) with higher fluid intake poorer
sleep quality. However, there was no statistically significant association was found
between dialysis adequacy and sleep quality, between fluid intake and dialysis adequacy
and protein intake and sleep quality. Nonetheless, it is suggested more studies should be
carried out to provide clear understanding on the factors affecting dialysis adequacy and sleep quality to improve nutritional status among haemodialysis patients. Future research
should focus on longitudinal studies to establish causal relationships and explore
interventions to optimize dietary intake and fluid management in haemodialysis patients.
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