| Summary: | The rapid advancement in construction practices has led to a higher demand for natural
aggregates in the production of concrete. Simultaneously, there has been an increase in pollution
due to the improper disposal of industrial waste. Effective waste management has become
imperative to prevent environmental harm. A sustainable solution involves incorporating waste
materials such as oil palm shells (OPS) from the palm oil industry and spent garnet from
shipbuilding activities into concrete production. This research aims to explore the impact of
introducing spent garnet as a partial substitute for sand on the fresh and hardened properties of
lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) made with OPS, mixed with seawater. Two sets of
concrete mixes were prepared, varying the proportion of spent garnet as a partial replacement
for fine aggregate, and both seawater and freshwater were used in the mixing process. Laboratory
tests were conducted to evaluate workability, oven-dry density, and compressive strength of the
concrete. The findings indicate that the workability decreases in freshwater but improves in both
freshwater and seawater when spent garnet is added. All mixtures containing spent garnet qualify
as LWAC. Notably, seawater-mixed OPS LWAC, with 10 % spent garnet, demonstrates the
highest compressive strength. The use of seawater accelerates hydration, enhancing concrete
strength compared to freshwater. In conclusion, incorporating spent garnet as a replacement for
sand in concrete production results in environmentally friendly OPS LWAC. This approach
contributes to waste reduction and minimizes reliance on landfills, promoting sustainable
construction practices
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