Insect diversity and composition during the wet and dry seasons in three forest types of Johor, Malaysia
The insect diversity and abundance in three forest types namely: Endau Rompin (pristine lowland forest) Gunung Ledang (pristine highland forest) and Bukit Soga (degraded lowland forest) in Johor, Malaysia were studied. The study focused on 10 common insect orders. The objectives are (1) to invest...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English English |
| Published: |
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1287/2/AISHATU%20SIDDIKI%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1287/1/24p%20AISHATU%20SIDDIKI.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1287/3/AISHATU%20SIDDIKI%20WATERMARK.pdf |
| Summary: | The insect diversity and abundance in three forest types namely: Endau Rompin
(pristine lowland forest) Gunung Ledang (pristine highland forest) and Bukit Soga
(degraded lowland forest) in Johor, Malaysia were studied. The study focused on
10 common insect orders. The objectives are (1) to investigate the composition
and abundance of insect morphospecies in three forest types; (2) to compare the
composition and abundance of insect morphospecies in the wet and dry seasons in
three forest types; and (3) to determine the dominant insect of the study sites.
There were four sampling methods employed as baited pitfall traps, aerial net,
manual collection and sweep net. The sampling methods were employed three
days in each location. The different insects sampled, were higher during the wet
season as compared to the dry season (diversity and abundance). Although Bukit
Soga lowland a degraded forest had the highest diversity of 52; and abundance of
112,081 individuals, it had the lowest Shannon weiner index of species diversity
and lowest evenness of (H’1.09 and evenness of 0.28). Gunung Ledang, had
lowest species diversity of 32 and abundance of 1,695 individuals but had the
highest H’of 2.34 and highest evenness of 0.68. Endau Rompin had 46 species
diversity and abundance of 70,821individuals and H’of 1.17and evenness of 0.30.
In highland forest the most diverse dominant insects were the butterflies
(Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Meanwhile ant, (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) was
more diverse in lowland forest than the highland forest. In all the three locations,
ant was most abundant. Since Jaccard similarity index was low between Gunung
Ledang and Bukit Soga (0.22); and between Gunung Ledang and Endau Rompin
(0.27) it is concluded that altitude had a greater effect on insect diversity. This is
supported by a two ways ANOVA analyses that showed insect diversity and
abundance between the two lowland forests (Endau Rompin and Bukit Soga) and
highland forest (Gunung Ledang) are significantly different. Difference between
the lowland forests was not significant. Generally, effect of wet and dry seasons
has no clear impact on diversity but abundance was higher during wet season
especially for ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). |
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