| 总结: | The huge quantities of textile industry effluents with high concentrations of heavy
metals are associated with the water pollution. Among the conventional technologies
currently in use for heavy metals removal, the adsorption offers an economical and ecofriendly
approach for textile wastewater treatment. Adsorption efficiency is depending
on the chemical structure of the adsorbent such as activated carbon from agricultural
waste. Banana peel waste as activated carbon has been reported with high efficiency
to remove heavy metals from the textile wastewater. The current review describes
the impacts of heavy metals from textile industries on human, plants, and animals
and the various methods used for the removal process. The paper looked into the
various adsorption methods, and the methods used for generating activated carbon
from the lignocellulosic materials. Moreover, the agricultural residues are lignocellulosic
substances that encompass hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin which is denoted as
the most stable in terms of thermal factor. The review works focus on lignocellulosic
substances as an efficient adsorbent for heavy metals and colour (dyes) removal. It
appeared that the adsorption capacity for different types of the biomass ranged from
153.85 to 7.24 mg g−1 for Cd2+ ions, 1067.8 to 18.9 mg g−1 for Cu2+ ions, 175.6 to
1.7 mg g−1 for Ni2+ ions, 566.4 to 7.23 mg g−1 for Pb2+ ions and from 534.2 to 0.45
mg g−1 for Zn2+ ions. These findings indicated that the heavy metals having different
affinity to the adsorbent, among the heavy metals Ni2+ and Cd2+ has less affinity and
the adsorbent used for the removal these metals need to be prepared with high porosity
and surface area.
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