| Summary: | Adsorbent from abundant residues of palm oil known as empty fruit bunch (EFB) was prepared to
investigate the removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) from natural rubber wastewater. The EFB
was modified using citric acid (CA) to enhance adsorption ability. The adsorption conditions such as
adsorbent dose, pH and contact time for the effective removal of COD were optimized. Isotherms were
generated to describe the removal of the COD. Results have shown that the optimum reaction conditions
for COD adsorption by the EFB were 3 g of adsorbent, pH 7 and 120 min as contact time for the effective
removal 76% of COD in natural rubber wastewater. Meanwhile, the adsorption data for COD on the
EFB fitted the Langmuir isotherm, suggesting a monolayer adsorption behaviour of the adsorption
processes. This study indicated EFB is a promising candidate adsorbent for the removal of COD in
wastewater.
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