| Summary: | In this research, a reconfigurable metamaterial (MM) structure was designed using a
millimeter-wave (MMW) band with two configurations that exhibit different refractive indices. These
two MM configurations are used to guide the antenna’s main beam in the desired direction in the
5th generation (5G) band of 28 GHz. The different refractive indices of the two MM configurations
created phase change for the electromagnetic (EM) wave of the antenna, which deflected the main
beam. A contiguous squares resonator (CSR) is proposed as an MM structure to operate at MMW
band. The CSR is reconfigured using three switches to achieve two MM configurations with
different refractive indices. The simulation results of the proposed antenna loaded by MM unit
cells demonstrate that the radiation beam is deflected by angles of +30� and
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