The effects of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of cold drawn steel wire
Annealing is a process that could improve the tensile properties of material while eliminating internal residual stress created during cold drawing process. This study aimed to investigate the effect of annealing temperature and soaking time on cold-drawn steel wire in terms of microstructural chang...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Microscopy Society of Malaysia (MSM)
2023
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.utm.my/105435/1/NorAkmalFadil2023_TheEffectsofAnnealingonMicrostructureandTensileProperties.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811132133459099648 |
|---|---|
| author | Mohammad Rafix, Nur Alyani Nazirah Fadil, Nor Akmal Amrin, Astuty Bahador, Abdollah Wan Ali, Wan Fahmin Faiz Salleh, Suhaimi |
| author_facet | Mohammad Rafix, Nur Alyani Nazirah Fadil, Nor Akmal Amrin, Astuty Bahador, Abdollah Wan Ali, Wan Fahmin Faiz Salleh, Suhaimi |
| author_sort | Mohammad Rafix, Nur Alyani Nazirah |
| collection | ePrints |
| description | Annealing is a process that could improve the tensile properties of material while eliminating internal residual stress created during cold drawing process. This study aimed to investigate the effect of annealing temperature and soaking time on cold-drawn steel wire in terms of microstructural changes and mechanical properties. The effects of annealing temperature and soaking time were investigated using tensile test, X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The tensile strength decreased from 2030.48 MPa (untreated) to 1984.81, 1988.04 and 1978.15 MPa when annealed at 425 ºC for 0.5, 5, 10 minutes of soaking times, respectively. As the annealing temperature increased to 475 ºC, the tensile strength further decreased to 1855.90, 1864.35 and 1774.39 MPa, for the same soaking times respectively. Obviously, prolonged soaking time at higher annealing temperature will only reduce the tensile strength up until 2.5%. The reduction of tensile strength for the annealed samples was attributed to the age softening due to the break-up of the lamellar cementite structure and the recovery of lamellar ferrite. This accompany with stress reduction which has been evidenced by analysing XRD peak patterns. The XRD peak shows that increasing in annealing temperature and soaking time resulted in the decrease of full width at half maximum (FWHM) values, indicating the reduction in the residual stress. Overall, this study demonstrated that controlled annealing at 425 ºC and the soaking time as low as 0.5 minute is sufficient to effectively reduce the residual stress caused by cold drawing process, while maintaining materials strength. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T23:57:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | utm.eprints-105435 |
| institution | Universiti Teknologi Malaysia - ePrints |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T23:57:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Microscopy Society of Malaysia (MSM) |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | utm.eprints-1054352024-04-28T09:23:38Z http://eprints.utm.my/105435/ The effects of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of cold drawn steel wire Mohammad Rafix, Nur Alyani Nazirah Fadil, Nor Akmal Amrin, Astuty Bahador, Abdollah Wan Ali, Wan Fahmin Faiz Salleh, Suhaimi TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Annealing is a process that could improve the tensile properties of material while eliminating internal residual stress created during cold drawing process. This study aimed to investigate the effect of annealing temperature and soaking time on cold-drawn steel wire in terms of microstructural changes and mechanical properties. The effects of annealing temperature and soaking time were investigated using tensile test, X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The tensile strength decreased from 2030.48 MPa (untreated) to 1984.81, 1988.04 and 1978.15 MPa when annealed at 425 ºC for 0.5, 5, 10 minutes of soaking times, respectively. As the annealing temperature increased to 475 ºC, the tensile strength further decreased to 1855.90, 1864.35 and 1774.39 MPa, for the same soaking times respectively. Obviously, prolonged soaking time at higher annealing temperature will only reduce the tensile strength up until 2.5%. The reduction of tensile strength for the annealed samples was attributed to the age softening due to the break-up of the lamellar cementite structure and the recovery of lamellar ferrite. This accompany with stress reduction which has been evidenced by analysing XRD peak patterns. The XRD peak shows that increasing in annealing temperature and soaking time resulted in the decrease of full width at half maximum (FWHM) values, indicating the reduction in the residual stress. Overall, this study demonstrated that controlled annealing at 425 ºC and the soaking time as low as 0.5 minute is sufficient to effectively reduce the residual stress caused by cold drawing process, while maintaining materials strength. Microscopy Society of Malaysia (MSM) 2023-05-01 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/105435/1/NorAkmalFadil2023_TheEffectsofAnnealingonMicrostructureandTensileProperties.pdf Mohammad Rafix, Nur Alyani Nazirah and Fadil, Nor Akmal and Amrin, Astuty and Bahador, Abdollah and Wan Ali, Wan Fahmin Faiz and Salleh, Suhaimi (2023) The effects of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of cold drawn steel wire. Malaysian Journal of Microscopy, 19 (1). pp. 226-237. ISSN 1823-7010 https://malaysianjournalofmicroscopy.org/ojs/index.php/mjm/article/view/740 NA |
| spellingShingle | TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Mohammad Rafix, Nur Alyani Nazirah Fadil, Nor Akmal Amrin, Astuty Bahador, Abdollah Wan Ali, Wan Fahmin Faiz Salleh, Suhaimi The effects of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of cold drawn steel wire |
| title | The effects of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of cold drawn steel wire |
| title_full | The effects of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of cold drawn steel wire |
| title_fullStr | The effects of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of cold drawn steel wire |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of cold drawn steel wire |
| title_short | The effects of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of cold drawn steel wire |
| title_sort | effects of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of cold drawn steel wire |
| topic | TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| url | http://eprints.utm.my/105435/1/NorAkmalFadil2023_TheEffectsofAnnealingonMicrostructureandTensileProperties.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohammadrafixnuralyaninazirah theeffectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT fadilnorakmal theeffectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT amrinastuty theeffectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT bahadorabdollah theeffectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT wanaliwanfahminfaiz theeffectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT sallehsuhaimi theeffectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT mohammadrafixnuralyaninazirah effectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT fadilnorakmal effectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT amrinastuty effectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT bahadorabdollah effectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT wanaliwanfahminfaiz effectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire AT sallehsuhaimi effectsofannealingonmicrostructureandtensilepropertiesofcolddrawnsteelwire |