Review of the fuel properties, characterisation techniques, and pre-treatment technologies for oil palm empty fruit bunches
The valorisation of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) in the palm oil industry is hampered by major challenges due to its poor fuel properties, which require comprehensive characterisation and pre-treatment. This paper presents an overview of the various technologies currently employed for the fu...
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| Format: | Article |
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Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
2023
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| author | Nyakuma, Bemgba B. Wong, Syie L. Oladokun, Olagoke Bello, Aliyu A. Hambali, Hambali U. T. Abdullah, Tuan Amran Wong, Keng Y. |
| author_facet | Nyakuma, Bemgba B. Wong, Syie L. Oladokun, Olagoke Bello, Aliyu A. Hambali, Hambali U. T. Abdullah, Tuan Amran Wong, Keng Y. |
| author_sort | Nyakuma, Bemgba B. |
| collection | ePrints |
| description | The valorisation of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) in the palm oil industry is hampered by major challenges due to its poor fuel properties, which require comprehensive characterisation and pre-treatment. This paper presents an overview of the various technologies currently employed for the fuel characterisation and pre-treatment of OPEFB in the literature. Furthermore, the paper presents the current challenges and prospects of OPEFB characterisation and pre-treatment techniques. The reviews indicate that OPEFB characterisation studies in the literature are limited to the chemical, thermal, kinetic, and thermodynamic fuel properties. The authors opine that future characterisation studies are required to examine the physical, morphological, and microstructural properties of OPEFB. The paper also notes that drying, size reduction, and pelletisation are the most common pre-treatment techniques for OPEFB. The various characterisation and pre-treatment techniques highlighted are prone to various limitations, which indicate that more effective strategies are required to save the energy, time, and cost for future OPEFB valorisation. The design, implementation, or adoption of hybrid biomass pre-treatment and conversion systems could effectively address the issues of poor OPEFB fuel properties, operational challenges, and product distribution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T23:57:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | utm.eprints-105490 |
| institution | Universiti Teknologi Malaysia - ePrints |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T23:57:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | utm.eprints-1054902024-06-30T00:40:56Z http://eprints.utm.my/105490/ Review of the fuel properties, characterisation techniques, and pre-treatment technologies for oil palm empty fruit bunches Nyakuma, Bemgba B. Wong, Syie L. Oladokun, Olagoke Bello, Aliyu A. Hambali, Hambali U. T. Abdullah, Tuan Amran Wong, Keng Y. TP Chemical technology The valorisation of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) in the palm oil industry is hampered by major challenges due to its poor fuel properties, which require comprehensive characterisation and pre-treatment. This paper presents an overview of the various technologies currently employed for the fuel characterisation and pre-treatment of OPEFB in the literature. Furthermore, the paper presents the current challenges and prospects of OPEFB characterisation and pre-treatment techniques. The reviews indicate that OPEFB characterisation studies in the literature are limited to the chemical, thermal, kinetic, and thermodynamic fuel properties. The authors opine that future characterisation studies are required to examine the physical, morphological, and microstructural properties of OPEFB. The paper also notes that drying, size reduction, and pelletisation are the most common pre-treatment techniques for OPEFB. The various characterisation and pre-treatment techniques highlighted are prone to various limitations, which indicate that more effective strategies are required to save the energy, time, and cost for future OPEFB valorisation. The design, implementation, or adoption of hybrid biomass pre-treatment and conversion systems could effectively address the issues of poor OPEFB fuel properties, operational challenges, and product distribution. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH 2023 Article PeerReviewed Nyakuma, Bemgba B. and Wong, Syie L. and Oladokun, Olagoke and Bello, Aliyu A. and Hambali, Hambali U. and T. Abdullah, Tuan Amran and Wong, Keng Y. (2023) Review of the fuel properties, characterisation techniques, and pre-treatment technologies for oil palm empty fruit bunches. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 13 (1). pp. 471-497. ISSN 2190-6815 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01133-x DOI : 10.1007/s13399-020-01133-x |
| spellingShingle | TP Chemical technology Nyakuma, Bemgba B. Wong, Syie L. Oladokun, Olagoke Bello, Aliyu A. Hambali, Hambali U. T. Abdullah, Tuan Amran Wong, Keng Y. Review of the fuel properties, characterisation techniques, and pre-treatment technologies for oil palm empty fruit bunches |
| title | Review of the fuel properties, characterisation techniques, and pre-treatment technologies for oil palm empty fruit bunches |
| title_full | Review of the fuel properties, characterisation techniques, and pre-treatment technologies for oil palm empty fruit bunches |
| title_fullStr | Review of the fuel properties, characterisation techniques, and pre-treatment technologies for oil palm empty fruit bunches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review of the fuel properties, characterisation techniques, and pre-treatment technologies for oil palm empty fruit bunches |
| title_short | Review of the fuel properties, characterisation techniques, and pre-treatment technologies for oil palm empty fruit bunches |
| title_sort | review of the fuel properties characterisation techniques and pre treatment technologies for oil palm empty fruit bunches |
| topic | TP Chemical technology |
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