Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam
Issues on environmental impact and sustainability have driven the development of rigid polyurethane (PU)-palm oil based polyol (POP) /diaminopropane (DAP)-montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite foam. PU rigid foam derived from POP and polymeric 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (p-MDI), was successfully...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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2014
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.utm.my/78293/1/NikNurfatimahPZNikPauziMFCHE20141.pdf |
| _version_ | 1796862823560642560 |
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| author | Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz |
| author_facet | Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz |
| author_sort | Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz |
| collection | ePrints |
| description | Issues on environmental impact and sustainability have driven the development of rigid polyurethane (PU)-palm oil based polyol (POP) /diaminopropane (DAP)-montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite foam. PU rigid foam derived from POP and polymeric 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (p-MDI), was successfully prepared via two steps-direct mixing method. Firstly, POP and DAP-MMT were mixed in a flask and stirred at 1500 rpm for 2 minutes to form a homogenous solution. Then, silicone surfactant and distilled water were added and further stirred for 2 minutes to form a pre-mixture. Later, p-MDI was added into the pre-mixture under high speed stirring at 1500 rpm for 45 seconds before charged into a mould. Fourier transform infrared energy peaks at 1533 cm-1, 1218 cm-1 and 1731 cm-1 of N-H, C-N and C=O groups confirmed the formation of urethane linkages. PU foam was prepared at 1:1 diisocyanate: polyol (NCO:OH) ratio exhibited a comparable compressive strength (4969 kPa) with the control PU (4999 kPa). Meanwhile the amount of silicone surfactant as a foam stabilizer at 2 part per hundred polyol (pphp) showed the highest compressive strength (8452 kPa) with uniform and finer cell size. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed that samples with DAP-MMT contents at 2 wt % and 4 wt. % exhibited exfoliated structure while the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed the reduction of cell size of each sample. This morphology effect was clearly manifested on the sample with 4 wt. % MMT loading that had the highest compression strength and density which were 19648 kPa and 0.13 gcm-3. Results from water absorption test revealed that samples with 6 wt. % MMT loadings had about 31% reduction of water uptake against that of pure PU foam. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-05T20:17:25Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | utm.eprints-78293 |
| institution | Universiti Teknologi Malaysia - ePrints |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-05T20:17:25Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | utm.eprints-782932018-08-03T08:47:12Z http://eprints.utm.my/78293/ Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz TP Chemical technology Issues on environmental impact and sustainability have driven the development of rigid polyurethane (PU)-palm oil based polyol (POP) /diaminopropane (DAP)-montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite foam. PU rigid foam derived from POP and polymeric 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (p-MDI), was successfully prepared via two steps-direct mixing method. Firstly, POP and DAP-MMT were mixed in a flask and stirred at 1500 rpm for 2 minutes to form a homogenous solution. Then, silicone surfactant and distilled water were added and further stirred for 2 minutes to form a pre-mixture. Later, p-MDI was added into the pre-mixture under high speed stirring at 1500 rpm for 45 seconds before charged into a mould. Fourier transform infrared energy peaks at 1533 cm-1, 1218 cm-1 and 1731 cm-1 of N-H, C-N and C=O groups confirmed the formation of urethane linkages. PU foam was prepared at 1:1 diisocyanate: polyol (NCO:OH) ratio exhibited a comparable compressive strength (4969 kPa) with the control PU (4999 kPa). Meanwhile the amount of silicone surfactant as a foam stabilizer at 2 part per hundred polyol (pphp) showed the highest compressive strength (8452 kPa) with uniform and finer cell size. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed that samples with DAP-MMT contents at 2 wt % and 4 wt. % exhibited exfoliated structure while the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed the reduction of cell size of each sample. This morphology effect was clearly manifested on the sample with 4 wt. % MMT loading that had the highest compression strength and density which were 19648 kPa and 0.13 gcm-3. Results from water absorption test revealed that samples with 6 wt. % MMT loadings had about 31% reduction of water uptake against that of pure PU foam. 2014-03 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/78293/1/NikNurfatimahPZNikPauziMFCHE20141.pdf Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz (2014) Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam. Masters thesis, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering. http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:79495 |
| spellingShingle | TP Chemical technology Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam |
| title | Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam |
| title_full | Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam |
| title_short | Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam |
| title_sort | synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane palm oil based polyol diaminopropane montmorillonite nanocomposite foam |
| topic | TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://eprints.utm.my/78293/1/NikNurfatimahPZNikPauziMFCHE20141.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nikpauziniknurfatmahpz synthesisandcharacterizationofrigidpolyurethanepalmoilbasedpolyoldiaminopropanemontmorillonitenanocompositefoam |