Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of levulinic acid esterification using lignin-furfural carbon cryogel catalyst
The synthesis of ethyl levulinate, a fuel additive, by catalytic esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol over carbon cryogel has been investigated. The carbon cryogel catalyst, coupled with a large surface area and strong acidity, has been identified as an effective carbon-based catalyst for o...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier Ltd.
2019
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| _version_ | 1796864435324715008 |
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| author | Mohammad Zainol, Muzakkir Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah Mohd. Asmadi, Mohd. Asmadi |
| author_facet | Mohammad Zainol, Muzakkir Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah Mohd. Asmadi, Mohd. Asmadi |
| author_sort | Mohammad Zainol, Muzakkir |
| collection | ePrints |
| description | The synthesis of ethyl levulinate, a fuel additive, by catalytic esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol over carbon cryogel has been investigated. The carbon cryogel catalyst, coupled with a large surface area and strong acidity, has been identified as an effective carbon-based catalyst for obtaining high ethyl levulinate yield of 86.5 mol%. The pseudo-homogeneous kinetic model is adopted to evaluate the different reaction orders. The first-order pseudo-homogeneous model is considered most suitable (R2 > 0.98) while the selection of kinetic model is also clarified and supported by the linearity of the parity plot. The activation energy of the esterification reaction is estimated to be 20.2 kJ/mol. Based on the thermodynamic activation parameters, the reaction is classified as endergonic and more ordered. The results from this study could provide valuable information for reactor modeling and simulation purposes in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-05T20:41:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | utm.eprints-87405 |
| institution | Universiti Teknologi Malaysia - ePrints |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-05T20:41:50Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | utm.eprints-874052020-11-08T03:59:19Z http://eprints.utm.my/87405/ Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of levulinic acid esterification using lignin-furfural carbon cryogel catalyst Mohammad Zainol, Muzakkir Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah Mohd. Asmadi, Mohd. Asmadi TP Chemical technology The synthesis of ethyl levulinate, a fuel additive, by catalytic esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol over carbon cryogel has been investigated. The carbon cryogel catalyst, coupled with a large surface area and strong acidity, has been identified as an effective carbon-based catalyst for obtaining high ethyl levulinate yield of 86.5 mol%. The pseudo-homogeneous kinetic model is adopted to evaluate the different reaction orders. The first-order pseudo-homogeneous model is considered most suitable (R2 > 0.98) while the selection of kinetic model is also clarified and supported by the linearity of the parity plot. The activation energy of the esterification reaction is estimated to be 20.2 kJ/mol. Based on the thermodynamic activation parameters, the reaction is classified as endergonic and more ordered. The results from this study could provide valuable information for reactor modeling and simulation purposes in the future. Elsevier Ltd. 2019-01 Article PeerReviewed Mohammad Zainol, Muzakkir and Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah and Mohd. Asmadi, Mohd. Asmadi (2019) Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of levulinic acid esterification using lignin-furfural carbon cryogel catalyst. Renewable Energy, 130 . pp. 547-557. ISSN 0960-1481 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.06.085 DOI:10.1016/j.renene.2018.06.085 |
| spellingShingle | TP Chemical technology Mohammad Zainol, Muzakkir Saidina Amin, Nor Aishah Mohd. Asmadi, Mohd. Asmadi Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of levulinic acid esterification using lignin-furfural carbon cryogel catalyst |
| title | Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of levulinic acid esterification using lignin-furfural carbon cryogel catalyst |
| title_full | Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of levulinic acid esterification using lignin-furfural carbon cryogel catalyst |
| title_fullStr | Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of levulinic acid esterification using lignin-furfural carbon cryogel catalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of levulinic acid esterification using lignin-furfural carbon cryogel catalyst |
| title_short | Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of levulinic acid esterification using lignin-furfural carbon cryogel catalyst |
| title_sort | kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of levulinic acid esterification using lignin furfural carbon cryogel catalyst |
| topic | TP Chemical technology |
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