Development of biodegradable cosmetic patch using a polylactic acid/phycocyanin-alginate composite
The usage of non-degradable polymer as the main matrix for a cosmetic patch raises concern, as it can cause environmental pollution when discarded in landfill. Thus, biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) was chosen in this study, as PLA has non-toxic properties and similar mechanical properties to con...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.utm.my/91039/1/RosnaniHasham2020_DevelopmentofBiodegradableCosmeticPatch.pdf |
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| author | Adli, Sarah Amalina Ali, Fathilah Azmi, Azlin Suhaida Anuar, Hazleen Mohd. Nasir, Nur Aimi Hasham, Rosnani Idris, Mohamad Khairul Hafiz |
| author_facet | Adli, Sarah Amalina Ali, Fathilah Azmi, Azlin Suhaida Anuar, Hazleen Mohd. Nasir, Nur Aimi Hasham, Rosnani Idris, Mohamad Khairul Hafiz |
| author_sort | Adli, Sarah Amalina |
| collection | ePrints |
| description | The usage of non-degradable polymer as the main matrix for a cosmetic patch raises concern, as it can cause environmental pollution when discarded in landfill. Thus, biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) was chosen in this study, as PLA has non-toxic properties and similar mechanical properties to conventional plastic materials. An active ingredient in a cosmetic patch serves the purpose of providing beneficial ingredients to the skin; therefore, phycocyanin, an extract from spirulina, was chosen, as it possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Alginate was also incorporated with the phycocyanin for fabrication onto the PLA matrix. A preliminary study was first carried out to identify the antioxidant properties and cytotoxic effect of the phycocyanin on skin cells. It was observed that phycocyanin had no cytotoxic effect on the skin and showed good antioxidant activity. PLA/phycocyanin-alginate composite was fabricated using a solvent casting method, and optimization of preparation conditions (phycocyanin/alginate ratio, stirring time, and temperature) were carried out using the one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method with responses of elongation at break and releasing properties. Attenuated total reflectance (ATR)-FTIR analysis was also conducted to further analyze the functional group of the composites. Surface morphologies were observed for samples before and after the releasing test. From the analyses conducted, PLA/phycocyanin-alginate composite prepared at a phycocyanin/alginate ratio of 40/60 for 20 h at 20 °C gave the best properties in terms of flexibility of film and releasing properties of phycocyanin. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-05T20:52:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | utm.eprints-91039 |
| institution | Universiti Teknologi Malaysia - ePrints |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-05T20:52:33Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | utm.eprints-910392021-05-31T13:45:02Z http://eprints.utm.my/91039/ Development of biodegradable cosmetic patch using a polylactic acid/phycocyanin-alginate composite Adli, Sarah Amalina Ali, Fathilah Azmi, Azlin Suhaida Anuar, Hazleen Mohd. Nasir, Nur Aimi Hasham, Rosnani Idris, Mohamad Khairul Hafiz QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology The usage of non-degradable polymer as the main matrix for a cosmetic patch raises concern, as it can cause environmental pollution when discarded in landfill. Thus, biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) was chosen in this study, as PLA has non-toxic properties and similar mechanical properties to conventional plastic materials. An active ingredient in a cosmetic patch serves the purpose of providing beneficial ingredients to the skin; therefore, phycocyanin, an extract from spirulina, was chosen, as it possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Alginate was also incorporated with the phycocyanin for fabrication onto the PLA matrix. A preliminary study was first carried out to identify the antioxidant properties and cytotoxic effect of the phycocyanin on skin cells. It was observed that phycocyanin had no cytotoxic effect on the skin and showed good antioxidant activity. PLA/phycocyanin-alginate composite was fabricated using a solvent casting method, and optimization of preparation conditions (phycocyanin/alginate ratio, stirring time, and temperature) were carried out using the one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method with responses of elongation at break and releasing properties. Attenuated total reflectance (ATR)-FTIR analysis was also conducted to further analyze the functional group of the composites. Surface morphologies were observed for samples before and after the releasing test. From the analyses conducted, PLA/phycocyanin-alginate composite prepared at a phycocyanin/alginate ratio of 40/60 for 20 h at 20 °C gave the best properties in terms of flexibility of film and releasing properties of phycocyanin. MDPI AG 2020-08 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/91039/1/RosnaniHasham2020_DevelopmentofBiodegradableCosmeticPatch.pdf Adli, Sarah Amalina and Ali, Fathilah and Azmi, Azlin Suhaida and Anuar, Hazleen and Mohd. Nasir, Nur Aimi and Hasham, Rosnani and Idris, Mohamad Khairul Hafiz (2020) Development of biodegradable cosmetic patch using a polylactic acid/phycocyanin-alginate composite. Polymers, 12 (8). pp. 1-11. ISSN 2073-4360 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/POLYM12081669 DOI:10.3390/POLYM12081669 |
| spellingShingle | QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology Adli, Sarah Amalina Ali, Fathilah Azmi, Azlin Suhaida Anuar, Hazleen Mohd. Nasir, Nur Aimi Hasham, Rosnani Idris, Mohamad Khairul Hafiz Development of biodegradable cosmetic patch using a polylactic acid/phycocyanin-alginate composite |
| title | Development of biodegradable cosmetic patch using a polylactic acid/phycocyanin-alginate composite |
| title_full | Development of biodegradable cosmetic patch using a polylactic acid/phycocyanin-alginate composite |
| title_fullStr | Development of biodegradable cosmetic patch using a polylactic acid/phycocyanin-alginate composite |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of biodegradable cosmetic patch using a polylactic acid/phycocyanin-alginate composite |
| title_short | Development of biodegradable cosmetic patch using a polylactic acid/phycocyanin-alginate composite |
| title_sort | development of biodegradable cosmetic patch using a polylactic acid phycocyanin alginate composite |
| topic | QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://eprints.utm.my/91039/1/RosnaniHasham2020_DevelopmentofBiodegradableCosmeticPatch.pdf |
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