Effect of one step KOH activation and CaO modified carbon in transesterification reaction
In this work, one step activation was introduced using potassium hydroxide (KOH) and calcium oxide (CaO) modified palm kernel shells. Various concentration of calcium oxide was used as catalyst while maintaining the same concentration of potassium hydroxide to activate and impregnate the palm kernel...
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
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2017
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| author | Yacob, Abd. Rahim Muhammad Zaki, Muhammad Azam |
| author_facet | Yacob, Abd. Rahim Muhammad Zaki, Muhammad Azam |
| author_sort | Yacob, Abd. Rahim |
| collection | ePrints |
| description | In this work, one step activation was introduced using potassium hydroxide (KOH) and calcium oxide (CaO) modified palm kernel shells. Various concentration of calcium oxide was used as catalyst while maintaining the same concentration of potassium hydroxide to activate and impregnate the palm kernel shell before calcined at 500°C for 5 hours. All the prepared samples were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). FTIR analysis of raw palm kernel shell showed the presence of various functional groups. However, after activation, most of the functional groups were eliminated. The basic strength of the prepared samples were determined using back titration method. The samples were then used as base heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification reaction of rice bran oil with methanol. Analysis of the products were performed using Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) to calculate the percentage conversion of the biodiesel products. This study shows, as the percentage of one step activation potassium and calcium oxide doped carbon increases thus, the basic strength also increases followed by the increase in biodiesel production. Optimization study shows that the optimum biodiesel production was at 8 wt% catalyst loading, 9:1 methanol: oil molar ratio at 65°C and 6 hours which gives a conversion up to 95%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-05T21:11:00Z |
| format | Conference or Workshop Item |
| id | utm.eprints-97132 |
| institution | Universiti Teknologi Malaysia - ePrints |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-05T21:11:00Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | utm.eprints-971322022-09-15T06:39:02Z http://eprints.utm.my/97132/ Effect of one step KOH activation and CaO modified carbon in transesterification reaction Yacob, Abd. Rahim Muhammad Zaki, Muhammad Azam QD Chemistry In this work, one step activation was introduced using potassium hydroxide (KOH) and calcium oxide (CaO) modified palm kernel shells. Various concentration of calcium oxide was used as catalyst while maintaining the same concentration of potassium hydroxide to activate and impregnate the palm kernel shell before calcined at 500°C for 5 hours. All the prepared samples were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). FTIR analysis of raw palm kernel shell showed the presence of various functional groups. However, after activation, most of the functional groups were eliminated. The basic strength of the prepared samples were determined using back titration method. The samples were then used as base heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification reaction of rice bran oil with methanol. Analysis of the products were performed using Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) to calculate the percentage conversion of the biodiesel products. This study shows, as the percentage of one step activation potassium and calcium oxide doped carbon increases thus, the basic strength also increases followed by the increase in biodiesel production. Optimization study shows that the optimum biodiesel production was at 8 wt% catalyst loading, 9:1 methanol: oil molar ratio at 65°C and 6 hours which gives a conversion up to 95%. 2017 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed Yacob, Abd. Rahim and Muhammad Zaki, Muhammad Azam (2017) Effect of one step KOH activation and CaO modified carbon in transesterification reaction. In: 3rd International Symposium on Applied Chemistry 2017, ISAC 2017, 23 - 24 October 2017, Jakarta, Indonesia. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5011938 |
| spellingShingle | QD Chemistry Yacob, Abd. Rahim Muhammad Zaki, Muhammad Azam Effect of one step KOH activation and CaO modified carbon in transesterification reaction |
| title | Effect of one step KOH activation and CaO modified carbon in transesterification reaction |
| title_full | Effect of one step KOH activation and CaO modified carbon in transesterification reaction |
| title_fullStr | Effect of one step KOH activation and CaO modified carbon in transesterification reaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of one step KOH activation and CaO modified carbon in transesterification reaction |
| title_short | Effect of one step KOH activation and CaO modified carbon in transesterification reaction |
| title_sort | effect of one step koh activation and cao modified carbon in transesterification reaction |
| topic | QD Chemistry |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yacobabdrahim effectofonestepkohactivationandcaomodifiedcarbonintransesterificationreaction AT muhammadzakimuhammadazam effectofonestepkohactivationandcaomodifiedcarbonintransesterificationreaction |