Correlates of emotional violence against children in Rwanda: Findings from a cross-sectional national survey. by Alypio Nyandwi, Cyprien Munyanshongore, Laetitia Nyirazinyoye, Prata Ndola, Gisela Perren-Klingler

“…Factors associated with risk for EV were not attending school (OR = 1.80, 95% CI [1.10-2.92]), living with father only (OR = 2.96, 95% CI [1.21-7.85]), not feeling close to biological parents (OR = 7.18, 95% CI [2.12-24.37]), living in a larger household (OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.03-3.19]), not having a friend (OR = 2.08, 95% CI [1.02-4.11]), and not feeling safe in the community (OR = 2.56, 95% CI [1.03-6.38]).…”
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Predictors of physical violence against children in Rwanda: findings from a National Cross-Sectional Survey by Alypio Nyandwi, Namatovu Fredinah, Vincent Rusanganwa, Cyprien Munyanshongore, Laetitia Nyirazinyoye, Prata Ndola, Jean Damascene Nshimiyimana, Marie-Gloriose Ingabire, Nyirabahinde Anastasie, Natasha Salant, Kamukunzi Mecthilde, Hakomeza Emmanuel, Assumpta Mukabutera

“…However, sexually active children (OR: 1.66 [1.05–2.63]), children in households from the middle wealth quintile (OR: 1.63 [1.08–2.47]), children living in a larger family (OR: 1.55 [1.07–2.26]), and children who reported not feel close to both biological parents (OR: 2.14 [1.31–3.49]) had increased odds of reporting physical violence. …”
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