Respiratory risks from household air pollution in low and middle income countries by Gordon, S, Bruce, N, Grigg, J, Hibberd, P, Kurmi, O, Lam, K, Mortimer, K, Asante, K, Balakrishnan, K, Balmes, J, Bar-Zeev, N, Bates, M, Breysse, P, Buist, S, Chen, Z, Havens, D, Jack, D, Jindal, S, Kan, H, Mehta, S, Moschovis, P, Naeher, L, Patel, A, Perez-Padilla, R, Pope, D

Respiratory risks from household air pollution in low and middle income countries. by Gordon, S, Bruce, N, Grigg, J, Hibberd, P, Kurmi, O, Lam, K, Mortimer, K, Asante, K, Balakrishnan, K, Balmes, J, Bar-Zeev, N, Bates, M, Breysse, P, Buist, S, Chen, Z, Havens, D, Jack, D, Jindal, S, Kan, H, Mehta, S, Moschovis, P, Naeher, L, Patel, A, Perez-Padilla, R, Pope, D

Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19·1 million participants by NCD Risk Factor Collaboration, Zhou, B, Bentham, J, Di Cesare, M, Chen, Z, Key, T, Smith, M, Woodward, M

“…Prevalence of raised blood pressure declined in high-income and some middle-income countries; it remained unchanged elsewhere. …”

Intakes of major food groups in China and UK: results from 100,000 adults in the China Kadoorie Biobank and UK Biobank by Papier, K, Kakkoura, M, Guo, Y, Tong, T, Perez Cornago, A, Chang, WC, Chen, Z, Du, H, Key, T

“…Having a higher SES was generally associated with a higher consumption of foods and beverages in CKB, whereas in UKB dietary intakes differed more by education and income, with a positive association observed for meat and income in both UKB and CKB but an inverse association observed for education in UKB. …”

Socioeconomic status in relation to risks of major gastrointestinal cancers in Chinese adults: A prospective study of 0.5 million people by Pang, Y, Kartsonaki, C, Guo, Y, Chen, Y, Yang, L, Bian, Z, Bragg, F, Millwood, IY, Lv, J, Yu, C, Chen, J, Li, L, Holmes, MV, Chen, Z

“…Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted HRs for specific cancers associated with area-level (e.g., per capita gross domestic product, disposable income) and individual-level (e.g., education, household income) SES.…”

Sex differences in the association between socioeconomic status and diabetes prevalence and incidence in China: cross-sectional and prospective studies of 0.5 million adults by Wu, H, Bragg, F, Yang, L, Du, H, Guo, Y, Jackson, C, Zhu, S, Yu, C, Luk, A, Chan, J, Gasevic, D, Li, L, Chen, Z, Wild, S

“…SES was assessed using the highest educational level attained and annual household income. Prevalent diabetes was identified from self-report and plasma glucose measurements. …”

Epidemiological characteristics of domestic fuel use in adults in 10 regions of China by Li, J, Wu, M, Yu, C, Lyu, J, Guo, Y, Bian, Z, Tan, Y, Pei, P, Chen, J, Chen, Z, Cao, W, Li, L

“…Conclusion: There are still a large number of rural residents and people with low income relying on solid fuel in China, which is a serious public health concern.…”

Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents' growth and development by NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), Chen, Z

“…In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. …”

Body-mass index and long-term risk of sepsis-related mortality: a population-based cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults by Weng, L, Fan, J, Yu, C, Guo, Y, Bian, Z, Wei, Y, Yang, L, Chen, Y, Du, H, Chang, L, Gong, W, Chen, J, Chen, Z, Du, B, Lv, J, Li, L

“…The double burden of underweight and obesity indicates a heavy sepsis burden faced by low- and middle-income countries.…”

Patterns and correlates of major depression in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study of 0.5 million men and women by Chen, Y, Bennett, D, Clarke, R, Guo, Y, Yu, C, Bian, Z, Ma, L, Huang, Y, Sun, Q, Zhang, N, Zheng, X, Chen, J, Peto, R, Kendler, K, Li, L, Chen, Z

“… <h4>Background</h4> <p>Worldwide 350 million people suffer from major depression, with the majority of cases occurring in low- and middle-income countries. We examined the patterns, correlates and care-seeking behaviour of adults suffering from major depressive episode (MDE) in China.…”

Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: a pooled analysis of 1018 population-based measurement s... by NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

“…<strong>Results</strong> In 2005–16, at the same level of population mean SBP and DBP, men and women in South Asia and in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa would have the highest prevalence of raised blood pressure, and men and women in the high-income Asia Pacific and high-income Western regions would have the lowest. …”

Development, validation and comparison of multivariable risk scores for prediction of total stroke and stroke types in Chinese adults: a prospective study of 0.5 million adults by Chun, M, Clarke, R, Zhu, T, Clifton, D, Bennett, DA, Chen, Y, Guo, Y, Pei, P, Lv, J, Yu, C, Yang, L, Li, L, Chen, Z, Cairns, BJ

“…<strong>Background and purpose</strong> Low-income and middle-income countries have the greatest stroke burden, yet remain understudied. …”

Problem drinking, wellbeing and mortality risk in Chinese men: findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank by Im, P, Millwood, I, Chen, Y, Guo, Y, Du, H, Kartsonaki, C, Bian, Z, Tan, Y, Su, J, Li, Y, Yu, C, Lv, J, Li, L, Yang, L, Chen, Z, China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group

“…Experience of stressful life events in the past two years, especially income loss (odds ratio [OR] = 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45-2.39), was associated with increased problem drinking. …”

Mortality and recurrent vascular events after first incident stroke: a 9-year community-based study of 0·5 million Chinese adults by Chen, Y-P, Kartsonaki, C, Turnbull, I, Wright, N, Guo, Y, Zhang, Y, Pan, D, Bian, Z, Yang, L, Pei, P, Qin, H, Wang, Y, Liu, M, Lv, J, Collins, R, Wang, Y, Peto, R, Hao, Z, Yu, C, Li, l, Clarke, R, Chen, Z

“…Despite considerable improvements in diagnosis and treatment, little is known about the short-term and long-term prognosis after a first stroke in low-income and middle-income countries, including China. …”

Use of drug treatment for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in urban and rural communities of China: China Kadoorie Biobank Study of 0.5 million people. by Chen, Y, Li, L, Zhang, Q, Clarke, R, Chen, J, Guo, Y, Bian, Z, Pan, X, Peto, R, Tao, R, Shi, K, Collins, R, Ma, L, Sun, H, Chen, Z

“…Among them, 35% reported current use of any of 6 classes of drug (anti-platelet, statins, diuretics, ACE-I, β-blockers or calcium-channel blockers) for the prevention of CVD events, with the rate of usage greater in those with older age, higher levels of income, education, BMI or blood pressure. The use of these agents was associated positively with history of diagnosed hypertension (OR 7.5; 95% confidence intervals: 7.08-8.06) and diabetes (1.40; 1.28-1.52) and inversely with self-rated health status, but there was no association with years since diagnosis. …”

Frequency and types of clusters of major chronic diseases in 0.5 million adults in urban and rural China by Clarke, R, Bragg, F, Chen, Y, Yang, L, Chen, Z, Bennett, D

“…Frequency of multimorbidity was assessed overall and by age, sex, region, education and income. Association rule mining (ARM) and latent class analysis (LCA) were used to assess clusters of the five major diseases.…”

Burden of hypertension in China: a nationally representative survey of 174,621 adults by Yang, L, Li, Y, Wang, L, Zhang, M, Zhou, M, Huang, Z, Deng, Q, Chen, Z, Wang, L

“…Among hypertensive individuals, older age, higher levels of education or household income tended to be associated with better awareness, treatment and control rates. …”

Use of drug treatment for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in urban and rural communities of China: China Kadoorie Biobank Study of 0.5 million people by Chen, Y, Li, L, Zhang, Q, Clarke, R, Chen, J, Guo, Y, Bian, Z, Pan, X, Peto, R, Tao, R, Shi, K, Collins, R, Ma, L, Sun, H, Chen, Z, Study, CKB

“…Among them, 35% reported current use of any of 6 classes of drug (anti-platelet, statins, diuretics, ACE-I, β-blockers or calcium-channel blockers) for the prevention of CVD events, with the rate of usage greater in those with older age, higher levels of income, education, BMI or blood pressure. The use of these agents was associated positively with history of diagnosed hypertension (OR 7.5; 95% confidence intervals: 7.08-8.06) and diabetes (1.40; 1.28-1.52) and inversely with self-rated health status, but there was no association with years since diagnosis. …”

Self-rated health status and risk of ischemic heart disease in the China Kadoorie Biobank study: a population based cohort study by Dong, W, Pan, X, Yu, C, Lv, J, Yu, G, Bian, Z, Yang, L, Chen, Y, Wu, T, Chen, Z, Pan, A, Li, L, on behalf of the China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group

“…The associations persisted in all subgroup analyses, though slightly modified by study location, education and income levels. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> A simple question of self-assessment of health status was significantly associated with incident IHD in Chinese adults. …”

Risks of stroke and heart disease following hysterectomy and oophorectomy in Chinese premenopausal women by Poorthuis, M, Yao, P, Chen, YP, Chen, Z, Clarke, R, Yang, L

“…Analyses were stratified by age and region and adjusted for levels of education, household income, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, self-reported health, and number of pregnancies.…”