Parenting, the other oldes profession in the world- A cross-sectional study of parenting and child outcomes in South Africa and Malawi by Sherr, L, Macedo, A, Cluver, L, Meinck, F, Skeen, S, Hensels, I, Sherr, L, Roberts, K, Tomlinson, M

“…Influences on parenting could be seen through being the biological parent, parental mental health, poverty and stigma. …”

Mental health of youth orphaned due to AIDS in South Africa: biological and supportive links to caregivers by Sharer, M, Cluver, L, Shields, J

“…Those living with a biological parent had significantly higher anxiety symptoms than those living with a grandparent, other kin, or non-kin. …”

Factors associated with good and harsh parenting of pre-adolescents and adolescents in southern Africa by DeStone, S, Meinck, F, Sherr, L, Cluver, L, Doubt, J, Orkin, FM, Kuo, C, Sharma, A, Hensels, I, Skeen, S, Redfern, A, Tomlinson, M

“…Results: Poverty and stigma were found to be negatively associated with good parenting of pre-adolescents whilst biological parents, depression and multiple adults within a household were positively associated. …”