Typhoid fever in children in Africa. by Mweu, E, English, M

“…Data suggest that typhoid in children in rural Africa is uncommon, perhaps 100 times or 250 times less common than invasive disease because of Haemophilus influenzae or Streptococcus pneumoniae, respectively. …”

Intravenous fluids for seriously ill children. by Maitland, K, Newton, C, English, M

The pathogenesis of severe malaria in African children. by Marsh, K, English, M, Crawley, J, Peshu, N

“…The pathogenesis of severe, Plasmodium falciparum malaria in African children is considered in the context of its two major clinical syndromes: malaria with respiratory distress; and malaria with neurological disturbance. …”

The management of severe malaria in children: a review. by Murphy, S, English, M, Omar, A, Crawley, J, Waruiru, C, Mwangi, I, Amukoye, E, Peshu, N, Newton, C, Winstanley, P

Variations in mortality in children admitted with pneumonia to Kenyan hospitals by Ayieko, P, Okiro, E, Edwards, T, Nyamai, R, English, M

“…Results Overall, 195 (5.9%) children admitted to all 9 hospitals with pneumonia from March 2007 to March 2008 died in hospital. …”

Hypoglycaemia on and after admission in Kenyan children with severe malaria. by English, M, Wale, S, Binns, G, Mwangi, I, Sauerwein, H, Marsh, K

“…Of 171 children with moderate or severe malaria, 16% were hypoglycaemic on admission, while at least 9% of children with severe malaria treated with quinine and a concurrent 4% dextrose infusion had a definite episode of hypoglycaemia after admission. …”

Blood transfusion for severe anaemia in children in a Kenyan hospital. by English, M, Ahmed, M, Ngando, C, Berkley, J, Ross, A

“…We have confirmed that use of simple clinical and laboratory criteria can identify those children likely to benefit most from treatment. We have also shown that the speed of response may be critical. …”

Bacteremia among children admitted to a rural hospital in Kenya. by Berkley, J, Lowe, B, Mwangi, I, Williams, T, Bauni, E, Mwarumba, S, Ngetsa, C, Slack, M, Njenga, S, Hart, C, Maitland, K, English, M, Marsh, K, Scott, J

“…The minimal annual incidence of community-acquired bacteremia was estimated at 1457 cases per 100,000 children among infants under a year old, 1080 among children under 2 years, and 505 among children under 5 years. …”

Examining agreement between clinicians when assessing sick children by Wagai, J, Senga, J, Fegan, G, English, M

Severe P. falciparum malaria in Kenyan children: evidence for hypovolaemia. by Maitland, K, Levin, M, English, M, Mithwani, S, Peshu, N, Marsh, K, Newton, C

“…METHODS: We studied 515 children admitted with severe malaria to a high-dependency unit (HDU) in Kilifi, Kenya. …”

Lactic acidosis and oxygen debt in African children with severe anaemia. by English, M, Muambi, B, Mithwani, S, Marsh, K

“…However, in the remaining one of these five children, an increase in VO2 (maximum 20%), was accompanied by a rise in blood lactate and clinical deterioration, suggesting that more pathophysiologically complex mechanisms, which may predominate in some children.…”

Examining agreement between clinicians when assessing sick children. by Wagai, J, Senga, J, Fegan, G, English, M

Prevalence, aetiology, treatment and outcomes of shock in children admitted to Kenyan hospitals by Mbevi, G, Ayieko, P, Irimu, G, Akech, S, English, M, Published on behalf of Clinical Information Network authors

“…Overall mortality for all admitted children was 5 % (2115/42,937) and was 7.9 % (798/10,096) in children with dehydration/diarrhoea. …”

The disposition of intramuscular artemether in children with cerebral malaria; a preliminary study. by Murphy, SA, Mberu, E, Muhia, D, English, M, Crawley, J, Waruiru, C, Lowe, B, Newton, C, Winstanley, P, Marsh, K, Watkins, WM

“…The disposition of intramuscular artemether (AM) was studied in 26 Kenyan children with cerebral malaria. Antimalarial activity determined by bioassay was compared with total plasma AM plus dihydroartemisinin (DHA) determined by high power liquid chromatography (HPLC). …”

Clinical overlap between malaria and severe pneumonia in Africa children in hospital. by English, M, Punt, J, Mwangi, I, McHugh, K, Marsh, K

“…Data collected from 200 children admitted to a hospital on the Kenyan coast who met a broad definition of severe acute respiratory infection (ARI) indicated that simple clinical signs alone are unable absolutely to distinguish severe ARI and severe malaria. …”

Mini-review: Management of hypoglycaemia in children aged 0-59 months. by Achoki, R, Opiyo, N, English, M

Is the effect of COVID‐19 on children underestimated in low‐ and middle‐ income countries? by Simba, J, Sinha, I, Mburugu, P, Agweyu, A, Emadau, C, Akech, S, Kithuci, R, Oyiengo, L, English, M

“…While most high‐income countries are felt to be reaching their COVID‐19 peak, most low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), particularly sub‐Saharan countries, are anticipating an exponential growth of cases.1 Overall it has been documented that children are less affected.2 However, in this commentary we describe how in Kenya, a LMIC in sub‐Saharan Africa, COVID‐19 is likely to have far‐reaching direct and indirect implications on children.…”

Malaria investigation and treatment of children admitted to county hospitals in western Kenya. by Amboko, B, Ayieko, P, Ogero, M, Julius, T, Irimu, G, English, M, Clinical Information Network

“…Background<br/> Up to 90 % of the global burden of malaria morbidity and mortality occurs in sub-Saharan Africa and children under-five bear a disproportionately high malaria burden. …”

Protecting children in low-income and middle-income countries from COVID-19 by Ahmed, S, Mvalo, T, Akech, S, Agweyu, A, Baker, K, Bar-Zeev, N, Campbell, H, Checkley, W, Chisti, MJ, Colbourn, T, Cunningham, S, Duke, T, English, M, Falade, AG, Fancourt, NS, Ginsburg, AS, Graham, HR, Gray, DM, Gupta, M, Hammitt, L, Hesseling, AC, Hooli, S, Johnson, A-WB, King, C, Kirby, MA, Lanata, CF, Lufesi, N, Mackenzie, GA, McCracken, JP, Moschovis, PP, Nair, H, Oviawe, O, Pomat, WS, Santosham, M, Seddon, JA, Thahane, LK, Wahl, B, Van der Zalm, M, Verwey, C, Yoshida, L-M, Zar, HJ, Howie, SR, McCollum, ED

Deep breathing in children with severe malaria: indicator of metabolic acidosis and poor outcome. by English, M, Waruiru, C, Amukoye, E, Murphy, S, Crawley, J, Mwangi, I, Peshu, N, Marsh, K

“…Respiratory distress was present in 119 of the 350 children included in the study and in 23 of the 30 deaths (relative risk = 6.5, 95% confidence interval = 2.8-14.4). …”