Developmental amnesia: effect of age at injury. by Vargha-Khadem, F, Salmond, C, Watkins, K, Friston, K, Gadian, D, Mishkin, M

“…Hypoxic-ischemic events sustained within the first year of life can result in developmental amnesia, a disorder characterized by markedly impaired episodic memory and relatively preserved semantic memory, in association with medial temporal pathology that appears to be restricted to the hippocampus. …”

Developmental amnesia and its relationship to degree of hippocampal atrophy. by Isaacs, E, Vargha-Khadem, F, Watkins, K, Lucas, A, Mishkin, M, Gadian, D

“…Two groups of adolescents, one born preterm and one with a diagnosis of developmental amnesia, were compared with age-matched normal controls on measures of hippocampal volume and memory function. …”

Developmental amnesia associated with early hypoxic-ischaemic injury. by Gadian, D, Aicardi, J, Watkins, K, Porter, D, Mishkin, M, Vargha-Khadem, F

“…The impairments in episodic memory may be difficult to recognize, particularly in early childhood, but this developmental amnesia can have debilitating consequences, both at home and at school, and may preclude independent life in adulthood.…”

Differential effects of early hippocampal pathology on episodic and semantic memory. by Vargha-Khadem, F, Gadian, D, Watkins, K, Connelly, A, Van Paesschen, W, Mishkin, M

“…Global anterograde amnesia is described in three patients with brain injuries that occurred in one case at birth, in another by age 4, and in the third at age 9. …”