Effectiveness of Positive and Negative Ions for Elite Japanese Swimmers’ Physical Training: Subjective and Biological Emotional Evaluations by Goichi Hagiwara, Hirotoshi Mankyu, Takaaki Tsunokawa, Masaru Matsumoto, Hirokazu Funamori

“…The participants were 10 elite Japanese collegiate swimmers participating in the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA) Swimming World Cup (age: 20.80 ± 1.39, five males and five females). …”
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