The determinants of brain drain in developing countries by Ngoma, Abubakar Lawan, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…Purpose: Skilled migrant workers move relatively in unidirectional form (from developing to developed countries) in response to many factors. The purpose of this paper is to examine some factors that influence skilled migration to such preferred locations among skilled workers. …”
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The impact of brain drain on human capital in developing countries by Ngoma, Abubakar Lawan, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…This paper examines the short-run and long-run impact of skilled migration rates (brain drain) on human capital formation in migrants' source developing countries. Specifically, we revisited some empirical studies that found evidence of beneficial brain drain in migrants' source countries. …”
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The impact of food policy on food insecurity in developing countries by Abdul Manap, Nur Marina, Sidique, Shaufique Fahmi, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…Food insecurity is one of the major issues in the developing countries which are debate seriously. The affected countries suffer from hunger and undernourishment, due to their incapability to provide sufficient nutritious food. …”
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The impact of food availability on food security in developing countries by Abdul Manap, Nur Marina, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…In order to overcome this situation, developing countries need to focus on their food availability problems in order to ensure sufficiency and affordability. …”
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Air pollution effects on adult mortality rate in developing countries by Ahmad, Nor Asma, Ismail, Normaz Wana, Ahmad Sidique, Shaufique Fahmi, Mazlan, Nur Syazwani

“…Noting that continuous production and other economic activities are crucial for continued survival, this study explores this issue by including the role of governance that is deemed essential but the literature is relatively sparse particularly in the context of developing countries. This research empirically analyses the relationship between air pollution and adult mortality rates from 72 developing countries from the period of 2010 until 2017. …”

Intra industry trade and product quality: China and eight developing countries by Eshraghi, Mastooreh, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…This study aims to measure the export product quality improvement for trade between China and eight selected developing countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Egypt, South Africa, Mexico, Turkey, and the Russian Federation based on disaggregated four-digit SITC data for the two periods 2000-2004 and 2004-2008. …”
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Effects of trade facilitation on trade costs in developed and developing countries: PPML analysis by Alaamshani, Imad Kareem, Hamzah, Hanny Zurina, Kaliappan, Shivee Ranjanee, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…The study aims to estimate the effects of trade facilitation enhancement on trade costs in 111 developed and developing countries over the 2008 to 2014 period using the Poisson-Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator. …”
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Do migrant remittances promote human capital formation? Evidence from 89 developing countries by Ngoma, Abubakar Lawan, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…This paper applies the generalised method of moments (GMM) estimator on aggregate level data from 1970 to 2010 in five-year intervals to examine the impact of migrant remittances on human capital formation in 89 developing countries. The estimation results show that, on average, an increase in migrant remittance inflows by 1% is associated with a 2% rise in years of schooling at both the secondary and tertiary levels. …”
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Service export and economic growth in the selected developing Asian countries by Kaliappan, Shivee Ranjanee, Ahmad, Siti Asiah, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…Services trade is regarded as a new source of income, especially for developing countries. Even though services trade only represent 20.2 per cent (2010) to total world trade, interestingly, recent trend shows that the share for developing countries in services trade increased to 32 per cent (2010) as compared to only 20 per cent in 1990. …”
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Does migration of skilled workers affect human capital investment in source countries? by Ngoma, Abubakar Lawan, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…The debate over the effects of migration of skilled labour from developing to developed countries has parted into two major theoretical views. …”
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Food security and economic growth by Abdul Manap, Nur Marina, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…This paper estimates the impact of food security on the economic growth of dry-land developing countries. The objective of this study is to measures the impact of food security on economic growth directly and through poverty, life expectancy, and total employment. …”

R&D spillovers and the role of economic freedom by Tee, Chee-Lip, Wan Ngah, Wan Azman Saini, Ibrahim, Saifuzzaman, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…This paper examines the role of economic freedom plays in moderating research and development (R&D) spillovers from developed to developing countries. Two channels are analyzed namely import and international student flows. …”
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Determinants of services FDI inflows in Asean countries by Kaliappana, Shivee Ranjanee, Khamis, Khamis Msellem, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…The main concern in this regards is whether developing countries would be able to attract the services-based FDI and get benefits from the inflows. …”
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Foreign direct investments (FDI) and economic growth: empirical evidence from Southern Africa Customs Union (SACU) countries by Suleiman, Najat Nassor, Kaliappan, Shivee Ranjanee, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been regarded as one of the important factors that stimulate the economic growth in most of the developing countries. However, fewer studies have explored the issue in the case of African region. …”
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Impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth: empirical evidence from Southern Africa Customs Union (SACU) countries by Suleiman, Najat Nassor, Kaliappan, Shivee Ranjanee, Ismail, Normaz Wana

“…Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been regarded as one of the important factor that stimulates the economic growth in most of the developing countries. However, fewer studies have explored the issue in the case of African region. …”
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Comparative advantage and competitiveness of COVID-19-related medical products exporters by Idris, Zera Zuryana, Ismail, Normaz Wana, Ibrahim, Saifuzzaman

“…The contribution of this study is the ability to identify various import sources specific to developing countries. From the exporter’s perspective, this study allows countries to recognize their existing competitive strengths in the medical products trade, allowing them to strategize and compete in the international markets of medical products. …”

The impact of sectoral foreign aid on growth by Saidon, Ruhaida, Yusop, Zulkornain, Ismail, Normaz Wana, Law, Siong Hook

“…Since donors started providing foreign assistance to developing countries, a broad empirical literature has emerged to investigate the effectiveness of foreign aid on growth of the recipient countries. …”
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The nonlinear impact of political institutional quality on financial inclusion by Lachebeb, Zakaria, Ismail, Normaz Wana, Niaz Ahmad, Mohd Naseem, Slesman, Ly

“…This study investigates the nonlinear relationship between political institutions and financial inclusion in a panel of 74 developing countries using annual data from 2007 to 2016. …”
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Traditional craftsmanship: the origin, culture, and challenges of batik industry in Malaysia by Mohamad Akhir, Noor Haslina, Ismail, Normaz Wana, Said, Rusmawati, Kaliappan, Shivee Ranjanee

“…In the Malaysian context, most of batik enterprises have been categorized in SME industries.Recently, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).had classified the craft industry as one of the items in the creative industries.They believe the creative industries will provide new opportunities for developing countries to leapfrog into emerging high-income countries due to the contribution on output level, employment, and tourism sector. …”
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The role of financial development and institutional quality in remittance-growth nexus in Asia by Ngoma, Abubakar Lawan, Ismail, Normaz Wana, Law, Siong Hook

“…Also, workers' remittances to the Asian region were estimated to reach $256 billion out of $483 billion received by developing countries. However, the growth effect of workers' remittance in Asia has, over the years, remained an open empirical question. …”
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