Published 2014-12-01
“…Surveying western studies on Shi’ism, this paper seeks to investigate the western scholar’s knowledge about the logical and rational principles of
Twelver Shī’a (Adl and Imama). so first I will review, in some aspects, the works of Madelung, Bar-Asher, Kohlberg, Wansbrung, Buckley, Watt, Halm and Newman, and in the end of the article, respect to positive and negative aspects of the works, I will propose some shi’a’s elements by which scholars revise the
twelver shi’a theoretical and practical presentations…”
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