Typhoid fever. by Parry, C, Hien, T, Dougan, G, White, N, Farrar, J

Typhoid fever - Reply by Parry, C, Hien, T, White, N, Farrar, J

Typhoid fever [5] (multiple letters) by Van Doorn, K, Pierard, D, Verbeelen, D, Basnyat, B, Zaidi, A, Hasan, R, Bhutta, Z, Parry, C, Hien, T, White, N, Farrar, J

Specimens and culture media for the laboratory diagnosis of typhoid fever. by Wain, J, Diep, T, Bay, P, Walsh, A, Vinh, H, Duong, N, Ho, V, Hien, T, Farrar, J, White, N, Parry, C, Day, N

“…Typhi is necessary for the definitive diagnosis of typhoid fever and provides isolates for antibiotic susceptibility testing and epidemiological studies. …”

Use of paired serum samples for serodiagnosis of typhoid fever. by House, D, Chinh, N, Diep, T, Parry, C, Wain, J, Dougan, G, White, N, Hien, T, Farrar, J

“…Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay we demonstrate that, in adult patients with typhoid fever, the sensitivity of a serological test based on the detection of anti-lipopolysaccharide immunoglobulin G is increased when used with paired serum samples taken 1 week apart.…”

The molecular and spatial epidemiology of typhoid fever in rural Cambodia by Thanh, D, Thompson, C, Rabaa, M, Soeng, S, Sun, S, Kumar, V, Moore, C, Thieu, N, Wijederou, L, Holt, K, Wong, v, Pickard, D, Thwaites, G, Day, N, Dougan, G, Turner, P, Parry, C, Baker, S

“…Typhoid fever, caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi, is an endemic cause of febrile disease in Cambodia. …”

Risk factors for the development of severe typhoid fever in Vietnam. by Parry, C, Thompson, C, Vinh, H, Chinh, N, Phuong, LT, Ho, V, Hien, T, Wain, J, Farrar, J, Baker, S

“…BACKGROUND: Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. …”

Expression of intra- and extracellular granzymes in patients with typhoid fever. by de Jong, H, Garcia-Laorden, M, Hoogendijk, A, Parry, C, Maude, R, Dondorp, A, Faiz, M, van der Poll, T, Wiersinga, W

“… <h4>Background</h4> <p>Typhoid fever, caused by the intracellular pathogen Salmonella (S.) enterica serovar Typhi, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. …”

Serology of typhoid fever in an area of endemicity and its relevance to diagnosis. by House, D, Wain, J, Ho, V, Diep, T, Chinh, N, Bay, P, Vinh, H, Duc, M, Parry, C, Dougan, G, White, N, Hien, T, Farrar, J

“…These tests could be of use for the diagnosis of typhoid fever in patients who have clinical typhoid fever but are culture negative or in regions where bacterial culturing facilities are not available.…”

A comparative study of ofloxacin and cefixime for treatment of typhoid fever in children by Phuong, C, Kneen, R, Anh, N, Luat, T, White, N, Parry, C, Gr, D

Typhoid fever among hospitalized febrile children in Siem Reap, Cambodia. by Wijedoru, L, Kumar, V, Chanpheaktra, N, Chheng, K, Smits, H, Pastoor, R, Nga, T, Baker, S, Wuthiekanun, V, Peacock, S, Putchhat, H, Parry, C

“…Typhoid fever was confirmed by positive blood culture in 5 (3.7%) of 134 febrile children hospitalized in Cambodia. …”

Activation of coagulation and endothelium with concurrent impairment of anticoagulant mechanisms in patients with typhoid fever by De Jong, H, Parry, C, Van Der Vaart, T, Kager, L, Van Den Ende, S, Maude, R, Wijedoru, L, Ghose, A, Hassan, M, Hossain, M, Dondorp, A, Baker, S, Faiz, M, Meijers, J, Wiersinga, W

“… <h4>Objectives</h4> <p>Typhoid fever caused by Salmonella Typhi remains a major burden worldwide. …”

Comparative trial of short-course ofloxacin for uncomplicated typhoid fever in Vietnamese children. by Vinh, H, Duong, N, Phuong, LT, Truong, N, Bay, P, Wain, J, Diep, T, Ho, V, White, N, Day, N, Parry, C

“…An open, randomised comparison of 2 or 3 days of oral ofloxacin (10 mg/kg/day) for uncomplicated typhoid fever was conducted in 235 Vietnamese children. …”

Double blind comparison of ibuprofen and paracetamol for adjunctive treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever. by Vinh, H, Parry, C, Hanh, V, Chinh, M, House, D, Tham, C, Thao, N, Diep, T, Wain, J, Day, N, White, N, Farrar, J

“… BACKGROUND: Antipyretics reduce the prolonged, high fever characteristic of typhoid fever. The benefits of nonsteroidal drugs in this role have not been quantified. …”

Cytokine release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated whole blood from patients with typhoid fever. by House, D, Chinh, N, Hien, T, Parry, C, Ly, N, Diep, T, Wain, J, Dunstan, S, White, N, Dougan, G, Farrar, J

“…The ex vivo cytokine response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of whole blood from patients with typhoid fever was investigated. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha release by LPS-stimulated blood was found to be lower during acute typhoid fever than after a course of antimicrobial therapy (P…”

Typhoid fever and genetic polymorphisms at the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1. by Dunstan, S, Ho, V, Duc, C, Lanh, M, Phuong, C, Luxemburger, C, Wain, J, Dudbridge, F, Peacock, C, House, D, Parry, C, Hien, T, Dougan, G, Farrar, J, Blackwell, J

“…Control of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) infection in the mouse model of typhoid fever is critically dependent on the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1). …”

Reproducible diagnostic metabolites in plasma from typhoid fever patients in Asia and Africa. by Näsström, E, Parry, C, Thieu, N, Maude, R, de Jong, H, Fukushima, M, Rzhepishevska, O, Marks, F, Panzner, U, Im, J, Jeon, H, Park, S, Chaudhury, Z, Ghose, A, Samad, R, Van, T, Johansson, A, Dondorp, A, Thwaites, G, Faiz, A, Antti, H, Baker, S

“…Here, we performed mass spectrometry on plasma from Bangladeshi and Senegalese patients with culture confirmed typhoid fever, clinically suspected typhoid, and other febrile diseases including malaria. …”

Value of a single-tube widal test in diagnosis of typhoid fever in Vietnam. by Parry, C, Hoa, N, Diep, T, Wain, J, Chinh, N, Vinh, H, Hien, T, White, N, Farrar, J

“…The diagnostic value of an acute-phase single-tube Widal test for suspected typhoid fever was evaluated with 2,000 Vietnamese patients admitted to an infectious disease referral hospital between 1993 and 1998. …”

A clinical, microbiological, and pathological study of intestinal perforation associated with typhoid fever. by Nguyen, Q, Everest, P, Tran, T, House, D, Murch, S, Parry, C, Connerton, P, Phan, V, To, S, Mastroeni, P, White, N, Tran, T, Vo, V, Dougan, G, Farrar, J, Wain, J

“…One of the most serious complications of typhoid fever is intestinal perforation. Of 27 patients admitted to a provincial hospital in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam who had gastrointestinal perforation secondary to suspected typhoid fever, 67% were male, with a median age of 23 years and a median duration of illness of 10 days. …”

A TNF region haplotype offers protection from typhoid fever in Vietnamese patients. by Dunstan, S, Nguyen, T, Rockett, K, Forton, J, Morris, A, Diakite, M, Mai, N, Le, T, House, D, Parry, C, Ha, V, Nguyen, T, Dougan, G, Tran, T, Kwiatowski, D, Farrar, J

“…The genomic region surrounding the TNF locus on human chromosome 6 has previously been associated with typhoid fever in Vietnam (Dunstan et al. in J Infect Dis 183:261-268, 2001). …”