Hot electron bolometer heterodyne receiver with a 4.7-THz quantum cascade laser as a local oscillator by Kloosterman, J. L., Hayton, D. J., Ren, Y., Hovenier, J. N., Gao, J. R., Klapwijk, T. M., Walker, C. K., Reno, J. L., Kao, Tsung-Yu, Hu, Qing

“…A quasi-optical, superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer is used as the mixer. We recorded a double sideband receiver noise temperature ( T[DSB over rec] ) of 815 K, which is ~ 7 times the quantum noise limit ( [hν over 2kB] ) and an Allan variance time of 15 s at an effective noise fluctuation bandwidth of 18 MHz. …”
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Terahertz heterodyne spectrometer using a quantum cascade laser by Ren, Y., Hovenier, J. N., Higgins, R., Gao, J. R., Klapwijk, T. M., Shi, S. C., Bell, A., Klein, B., Williams, B. S., Kumar, S., Reno, J. L., Hu, Qing

“…A terahertz (THz) heterodyne spectrometer is demonstrated based on a quantum cascade laser(QCL) as a local oscillator (LO) and an NbN hot electron bolometer as a mixer, and it is used to measure high-resolution molecular spectral lines of methanol (CH[subscript 3]OH) between 2.913–2.918 THz. …”
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Stabilized HEB-QCL heterodyne spectrometer at super-terahertz by Ren, Y., Hayton, D. J., Hovenier, J. N., Cui, M., Gao, J. R., Klapwijk, T. M., Shi, S. C., Kao, Tsung-Yu, Hu, Q., Reno, J. L.

“…We report a new experiment on a high-resolution heterodyne spectrometer using a 3.5 THz quantum cascade laser (QCL) as local oscillator (LO) and a superconducting hot electron bolometer (HEB) as mixer by stabilizing both frequency and amplitude of the QCL. …”
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3.5 Thz Quantum Cascade Laser at 70 K as Local Oscillator by Ren, Y., de Visser, P. J., Hovenier, J. N., Zhang, W., Gao, J. R., Klapwijk, T. M., Shi, S. C., Kao, T.-Y., Kumar, S., Reno, J. L., Hu, Qing

“…We report a set of measurements to demonstrate a new type of surface emitting distributed feedback (DFB) quantum cascade laser (QCL) operated at 3.5 THz as a local oscillator by pumping a superconducting hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer. Based on the Bragg gratings incorporated into the waveguide, the second order DFB surface emitting THz QCL shows single mode emission at 3.555 THz, which is only 4 GHz off from the hydroxyl (OH) line. …”
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Frequency Locking of a 3.5 Thz Quantum Cascade Laser Using a Gas Cell by Ren, Y., Hovenier, J. N., Cui, M., Hayton, D. J., Gao, J. R., Klapwijk, T. M., Shi, S. C., Kao, T.-Y., Hu, Qing, Reno, J. L.

“…We first present the study of the noise of the THz QCL with the contribution from both the frequency and amplitude domain, by using a NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer as a power detector. We then present the frequency locking measurement with a lock-in amplifier registering the derivate curve of the absorption line and a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller generating the feedback signal. …”
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A 4.7THz heterodyne receiver for a balloon borne telescope by Hayton, D. J., Kloosterman, J. L., Ren, Y., Gao, J. R., Klapwijk, T. M., Hu, Q., Walker, C. K., Reno, J. L., Kao, T.-Y., Hu, Qing

“…We report on the performance of a high sensitivity 4.7 THz heterodyne receiver based on a NbN hot electron bolometer mixer and a quantum cascade laser (QCL) as local oscillator. …”
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Heterodyne gas cell measurements at 2.9 THz using a quantum cascade laser as local oscillator by Ren, Y., Gao, J. R., Hovenier, J. N., Higgins, R., Zhang, W., Bell, A., Klein, B., Klapwijk, T. M., Shi, S. C., Kao, Tsung-Yu, Kumar, S., Hu, Qing, Reno, J. L.

“…The potential receiver technology is a combination of a hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer and a THz quantum cascade laser (QCL) local oscillator (LO).Here we report the first highresolution heterodyne spectroscopy measurement of a gas cell using such a HEB-QCL receiver. …”
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