Semantic processing in the left inferior prefrontal cortex: a combined functional magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation study. by Devlin, J, Matthews, P, Rushworth, M

“…Results from a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment demonstrated that both semantic and phonological processing activated a common set of areas within this region. …”

The role of ipsilateral premotor cortex in hand movement after stroke. by Johansen-Berg, H, Rushworth, M, Bogdanovic, MD, Kischka, U, Wimalaratna, S, Matthews, P

“…We also used functional magnetic resonance imaging to monitor brain activity in these subjects as they performed the same movements. …”

Functionally specific reorganization in human premotor cortex. by O'Shea, J, Johansen-Berg, H, Trief, D, Göbel, S, Rushworth, M

“…Whether this contributes to motor recovery is unclear. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate short-term reorganization in right PMd after transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) disrupted the dominant left PMd, which is specialized for action selection. …”

Interactions between decision making and performance monitoring within prefrontal cortex. by Walton, M, Devlin, J, Rushworth, M

“…Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we demonstrate complementary and reciprocal roles for the human orbitofrontal (OFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortices (ACd) in monitoring the outcome of behavior. …”

Social prediction modulates activity of macaque superior temporal cortex by Roumazeilles, L, Schurz, M, Lojkiewiez, M, Verhagen, L, Schuffelgen, U, Marche, K, Mahmoodi, A, Emberton, A, Simpson, K, Joly, O, Khamassi, M, Rushworth, M, Mars, R, Sallet, J

“…Here, we revealed, using a nonlinguistic task and functional magnetic resonance imaging, that activity in a region of the macaque middle superior temporal cortex was specifically modulated by the predictability of social situations. …”

Specialisation within the prefrontal cortex: the ventral prefrontal cortex and associative learning. by Passingham, R, Toni, I, Rushworth, M

“…Imaging with both positron-emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic-resonance imaging (fMRI) reveals learning-related increases in activity when normal subjects learn visual associative tasks. …”

Controlling human striatal cognitive function via the frontal cortex. by van Schouwenburg, MR, O'Shea, J, Mars, R, Rushworth, M, Cools, R

“…This intervention was combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging to determine the functional and topographic specificity of its consequences at the whole brain level. …”

How do visual instructions influence the motor system? by Passingham, R, Toni, I, Schluter, N, Rushworth, M

“…Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we have shown that the evoked haemodynamic responses in the ventral visual system are time-locked to the presentation of the visual cues, that the response in the motor cortex is locked to the time of response, and that the response in the dorsal premotor cortex shows cue-related, movement-related and set-related components. …”

A neural mechanism underlying failure of optimal choice with multiple alternatives. by Chau, B, Kolling, N, Hunt, LT, Walton, M, Rushworth, M

“…Both investigation of human decision-making and functional magnetic resonance imaging-based measurements of value difference signals in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) bore out this prediction. …”

How do visual instructions influence the motor system? by Passingham, R, Toni, I, Schluter, N, Rushworth, M

“…Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we have shown that the evoked haemodynamic responses in the ventral visual system are time-locked to the presentation of the visual cues, that the response in the motor cortex is locked to the time of response, and that the response in the dorsal premotor cortex shows cuerelated, movement-related and set-related components. …”

Neural mechanisms for learning self and other ownership by Lockwood, P, Wittmann, M, Apps, M, Klein-Flugge, M, Crockett, M, Humphreys, G, Rushworth, M

“…Here we used model-based functional magnetic resonance imaging and a novel minimal ownership paradigm to probe the behavioural and neural mechanisms underpinning ownership acquisition for ourselves, friends and strangers. …”

Manipulation of subcortical and deep cortical activity in the primate brain using transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation by Folloni, D, Verhagen, L, Mars, R, Fouragnan, E, Constans, C, Aubry, J, Rushworth, M, Sallet, J

“…TUS neuromodulatory effects were measured by examining relationships between activity in each area and the rest of the brain using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In control conditions without sonication, activity in a given area is related to activity in interconnected regions but such relationships are reduced after sonication, specifically for the targeted areas. …”

Causal manipulation of functional connectivity in a specific neural pathway during behaviour and at rest by Johnen, V, Neubert, F, Buch, E, Verhagen, L, O’Reilly, J, Mars, R, Rushworth, M

“…We demonstrate that paired transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) near ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and primary motor cortex (M1) with a short 8-ms inter-pulse interval evoking synchronous pre- and post-synaptic activity and which strengthens interregional connectivity between the two areas in a pattern consistent with Hebbian plasticity, leads to increased functional connectivity between PMv and M1 as measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Moreover, we show that strengthening connectivity between these nodes has effects on a wider network of areas, such as decreasing coupling in a parallel motor programming stream. …”

Causal manipulation of functional connectivity in a specific neural pathway during behaviour and at rest by Johnen, V, Neubert, F, Verhagen, L, O'Reilly, J, Mars, R, Rushworth, M, Buch, E

“…We demonstrate that paired transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) near ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and primary motor cortex (M1) with a short 8-ms inter-pulse interval evoking synchronous pre- and post-synaptic activity and which strengthens interregional connectivity between the two areas in a pattern consistent with Hebbian plasticity, leads to increased functional connectivity between PMv and M1 as measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Moreover, we show that strengthening connectivity between these nodes has effects on a wider network of areas, such as decreasing coupling in a parallel motor programming stream. …”

Beyond negative valence: 2-week administration of a serotonergic antidepressant enhances both reward and effort learning signals by Scholl, J, Kolling, N, Nelissen, N, Browning, M, Rushworth, M, Harmer, C

“…We measured brain activity with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in volunteers as they performed a concurrent appetitive (money) and aversive (effort) learning task. …”

Attention systems and the organization of the human parietal cortex by Rushworth, M, Paus, T, Sipila, P

“…Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare activity in the human parietal cortex in two attention-switching paradigms. …”

Attention systems and the organization of the human parietal cortex. by Rushworth, M, Paus, T, Sipila, P

“…Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare activity in the human parietal cortex in two attention-switching paradigms. …”

Diffusion-weighted imaging tractography-based parcellation of the human lateral premotor cortex identifies dorsal and ventral subregions with anatomical and functional specializati... by Tomassini, V, Jbabdi, S, Klein, J, Behrens, T, Pozzilli, C, Matthews, P, Rushworth, M, Johansen-Berg, H

“…The location of the border falls at the level of the gyral branch that divides the inferior precentral sulcus from the superior precentral sulcus and corresponded closely to the location of a functional border defined using previous functional magnetic resonance imaging studies.…”

Activation and disruption of a neural mechanism for novel choice in monkeys by Bongioanni, A, Folloni, D, Verhagen, L, Sallet, J, Klein-Flugge, M, Rushworth, M

“…Macaques spontaneously inferred the values of new options via similarities with the component parts of previously encountered options. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) suggested that this ability was mediated by the MFC, which is rarely investigated in monkeys3; MFC activity reflected different processes of comparison for unfamiliar and familiar options. …”

Re-evaluating the role of the orbitofrontal cortex in reward and reinforcement. by Noonan, M, Kolling, N, Walton, M, Rushworth, M

“…Instead we argue that both lesion and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies reveal that the lOFC is concerned with the assignment of credit for both reward and error outcomes to the choice of specific stimuli and with the linking of specific stimulus representations to representations of specific types of reward outcome. …”