HYPOTHETICAL ISOMERIZATIONS OF LAC82 by Manolopoulos, D, Fowler, P, Ryan, R

“…The nine isolated-pentagon fullerene isomers of C82 all interconvert in a single map under the Stone-Wales pyracylene transformation. …”

STONE-WALES PYRACYLENE TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE ISOMERS OF C84 by Fowler, P, Manolopoulos, D, Ryan, R

“…Under the Stone-Wales (pyracylene) transformation, the 24 isolated-pentagon isomers of C84 fall into two disjoint families, each containing one leapfrog closed shell, suggesting that the experimental product will consist of a mixture of two isomers.…”

ISOMERIZATIONS OF THE FULLERENES by Fowler, P, Manolopoulos, D, Ryan, R

“…The Stone-Wales (pyracylene) rearrangement is a hypothetical mechanism for interconversion of fullerene isomers, accounting for mobility of the pentagons on the surfaces of these clusters. Two versions of the transformation, involving patches of 4 and 12 rings, respectively, can be defined. …”

POSSIBLE SYMMETRIES OF FULLERENE STRUCTURES by Fowler, P, Manolopoulos, D, Redmond, D, Ryan, R

“…Examples of each group can be found within the range C20 to C140, and isolated-pentagon fullerenes can be constructed for all 28 groups. …”