Pneumococcal vaccination in developing countries. by Levine, O, O'Brien, K, Knoll, M, Adegbola, R, Black, S, Cherian, T, Dagan, R, Goldblatt, D, Grange, A, Greenwood, B, Hennessy, T, Klugman, K, Madhi, SA, Mulholland, K, Nohynek, H, Santosham, M, Saha, S, Scott, J, Sow, S, Whitney, C, Cutts, F

Paediatric hospital-acquired bacteraemia in developing countries reply by Aiken, A, Mturi, N, Morpeth, S, Seale, A, Scott, J

The burden of pneumococcal disease among adults in developed and developing countries: what is and is not known. by Fedson, D, Scott, J, Scott, G

“…The burden of pneumococcal disease among adults in developed countries is neither widely known nor appreciated. …”

What are the implications for childhood pneumonia of successfully introducing Hib and pneumococcal vaccines in developing countries? by Scott, J, English, M

What are the implications for childhood pneumonia of successfully introducing hib and pneumococcal vaccines in developing countries? by Scott, J, English, M

What are the implications for childhood pneumonia of successfully introducing hib and pneumococcal vaccines in developing countries? by Scott, J, English, M

The preventable burden of pneumococcal disease in the developing world. by Scott, J

“…The efficacy of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) and their remarkable success in operational use in North America challenge us to define the burden of pneumococcal disease and the likely benefits of PCV use in developing countries. Community-based incidence studies of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and vaccine probe analyses of efficacy trials suggest there are approximately 814,000 pneumococcal deaths in children aged <5 years in developing countries each year and 1-4 million episodes of pneumococcal pneumonia in Africa alone. …”

The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health Project: a 21st century childhood pneumonia etiology study. by Levine, O, O'Brien, K, Deloria-Knoll, M, Murdoch, DR, Feikin, DR, DeLuca, A, Driscoll, A, Baggett, H, Brooks, W, Howie, SR, Kotloff, K, Madhi, SA, Maloney, SA, Sow, S, Thea, D, Scott, J

“…By strategic selection of study sites that are broadly representative of regions with the greatest burden of childhood pneumonia, PERCH aims to provide data that reflect the epidemiologic situation in developing countries in 2015, using pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines. …”

Evaluation of risk factors for severe pneumonia in children: the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health study. by Wonodi, C, Deloria-Knoll, M, Feikin, DR, DeLuca, A, Driscoll, A, Moïsi, J, Johnson, H, Murdoch, DR, O'Brien, K, Levine, O, Scott, J

“…Despite these challenges, the depth of the evaluation of multiple risk factors across the breadth of the PERCH sites should furnish new and valuable information about the major risk factors for childhood severe and very severe pneumonia, including risk factors for pneumonia caused by specific etiologies, in developing countries.…”

Outpacing the pneumococcus: Antibody dynamics in the first few days following pneumococcal capsular antigen stimulation by Kimaro Mlacha, S, Warira, A, Gatakaa, H, Goldblatt, D, Scott, J

“…Children in developing countries are frequently exposed to the pneumococcus, but few develop invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). …”

Enhanced diagnosis of pneumococcal meningitis with use of the Binax NOW immunochromatographic test of Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen: a multisite study. by Moïsi, J, Saha, S, Falade, A, Njanpop-Lafourcade, B, Oundo, J, Zaidi, A, Afroj, S, Bakare, R, Buss, J, Lasi, R, Mueller, J, Odekanmi, A, Sangaré, L, Scott, J, Knoll, MD, Levine, O, Gessner, B

“… BACKGROUND: Accurate etiological diagnosis of meningitis in developing countries is needed, to improve clinical care and to optimize disease-prevention strategies. …”

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine given shortly after birth stimulates effective antibody concentrations and primes immunological memory for sustained infant protection. by Scott, J, Ojal, J, Ashton, L, Muhoro, A, Burbidge, P, Goldblatt, D, Scott, J

“…<p><strong>Background.</strong> In developing countries, newborn immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) could protect young infants who are at high risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) but might lead to immune tolerance.…”

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine given shortly after birth stimulates effective antibody concentrations and primes immunological memory for sustained infant protection by Scott, J, Ojal, J, Ashton, L, Muhoro, A, Burbidge, P, Goldblatt, D

“…Background.In developing countries, newborn immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) could protect young infants who are at high risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) but might lead to immune tolerance.Methods.In a randomized trial, young infants received 7-valent PCV at 6, 10, and 14 weeks (Expanded Programme on Immunization [EPI] group) or 0, 10, and 14 weeks (newborn group). …”

Pneumonia research to reduce childhood mortality in the developing world. by Scott, J, Brooks, W, Peiris, J, Holtzman, D, Mulholland, E

“…Historically, in developed countries, deaths from pneumonia have been reduced by improvements in living conditions, air quality, and nutrition. …”

Bacteraemia in Kenyan children with sickle-cell anaemia: a retrospective cohort and case-control study. by Williams, T, Uyoga, S, Macharia, A, Ndila, C, McAuley, C, Opi, D, Mwarumba, S, Makani, J, Komba, A, Ndiritu, M, Sharif, S, Marsh, K, Berkley, J, Scott, J

“…INTERPRETATION: The organisms causing bacteraemia in African children with sickle-cell anaemia are the same as those in developed countries. Introduction of conjugate vaccines against S pneumoniae and H influenzae into the childhood immunisation schedules of African countries could substantially affect survival of children with sickle-cell anaemia. …”

Incidence and clinical characteristics of group A rotavirus infections among children admitted to hospital in Kilifi, Kenya. by Nokes, D, Abwao, J, Pamba, A, Peenze, I, Dewar, J, Maghenda, J, Gatakaa, H, Bauni, E, Scott, J, Maitland, K, Williams, T

“… BACKGROUND: Rotavirus, predominantly of group A, is a major cause of severe diarrhoea worldwide, with the greatest burden falling on young children living in less-developed countries. Vaccines directed against this virus have shown promise in recent trials, and are undergoing effectiveness evaluation in sub-Saharan Africa. …”

Incidence and clinical characteristics of group A rotavirus infections among children admitted to hospital in Kilifi, Kenya by Nokes, D, Abwao, J, Pamba, A, Peenze, I, Dewar, J, Maghenda, J, Gatakaa, H, Bauni, E, Scott, J, Maitland, K, Williams, T

“…Background: Rotavirus, predominantly of group A, is a major cause of severe diarrhoea worldwide, with the greatest burden falling on young children living in less-developed countries. Vaccines directed against this virus have shown promise in recent trials, and are undergoing effectiveness evaluation in sub-Saharan Africa. …”