Specimens and culture media for the laboratory diagnosis of typhoid fever. by Wain, J, Diep, T, Bay, P, Walsh, A, Vinh, H, Duong, N, Ho, V, Hien, T, Farrar, J, White, N, Parry, C, Day, N

“…Typhi is necessary for the definitive diagnosis of typhoid fever and provides isolates for antibiotic susceptibility testing and epidemiological studies. …”

Risk factors for the development of severe typhoid fever in Vietnam. by Parry, C, Thompson, C, Vinh, H, Chinh, N, Phuong, LT, Ho, V, Hien, T, Wain, J, Farrar, J, Baker, S

“…BACKGROUND: Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. …”

Serology of typhoid fever in an area of endemicity and its relevance to diagnosis. by House, D, Wain, J, Ho, V, Diep, T, Chinh, N, Bay, P, Vinh, H, Duc, M, Parry, C, Dougan, G, White, N, Hien, T, Farrar, J

“…These tests could be of use for the diagnosis of typhoid fever in patients who have clinical typhoid fever but are culture negative or in regions where bacterial culturing facilities are not available.…”

Pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous ofloxacin in children with multidrug-resistant typhoid fever. by Bethell, D, Day, N, Dung, N, McMullin, C, Loan, H, Tam, D, Minh, LT, Linh, N, Dung, N, Vinh, H, MacGowan, A, White, L, White, N

“…The pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous ofloxacin (7.5 mg.kg of body weight-1 given over 30 min) were studied in an open crossover study of 17 Vietnamese children, aged between 5 and 14 years, with acute uncomplicated typhoid fever. Following oral administration, the median (95% confidence interval [CI]) time to peak concentration of ofloxacin in serum (Cmax) was 1.7 h (1.4 to 1.9 h) and the mean (95% CI) Cmax was 5.5 mg.liter-1 (4.7 to 6.3 mg.liter-1) compared with a Cmax of 8.7 mg.liter-1 (7.6 to 9.7 mg.liter-1) following the intravenous infusion. …”

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and typhoid fever in Vietnam by Hue, N, Lanh, M, Phuong, L, Vinh, H, Chinh, N, Hien, T, Hieu, N, Farrar, J, Dunstan, S

“…Understanding the host genetic susceptibility to typhoid fever may provide a better understanding of pathogenesis and help in the development of new therapeutics and vaccines. …”

Comparative trial of short-course ofloxacin for uncomplicated typhoid fever in Vietnamese children. by Vinh, H, Duong, N, Phuong, LT, Truong, N, Bay, P, Wain, J, Diep, T, Ho, V, White, N, Day, N, Parry, C

“…An open, randomised comparison of 2 or 3 days of oral ofloxacin (10 mg/kg/day) for uncomplicated typhoid fever was conducted in 235 Vietnamese children. …”

Double blind comparison of ibuprofen and paracetamol for adjunctive treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever. by Vinh, H, Parry, C, Hanh, V, Chinh, M, House, D, Tham, C, Thao, N, Diep, T, Wain, J, Day, N, White, N, Farrar, J

“… BACKGROUND: Antipyretics reduce the prolonged, high fever characteristic of typhoid fever. The benefits of nonsteroidal drugs in this role have not been quantified. …”

Value of a single-tube widal test in diagnosis of typhoid fever in Vietnam. by Parry, C, Hoa, N, Diep, T, Wain, J, Chinh, N, Vinh, H, Hien, T, White, N, Farrar, J

“…The diagnostic value of an acute-phase single-tube Widal test for suspected typhoid fever was evaluated with 2,000 Vietnamese patients admitted to an infectious disease referral hospital between 1993 and 1998. …”

Two or three days of ofloxacin treatment for uncomplicated multidrug-resistant typhoid fever in children. by Vinh, H, Wain, J, Vo, T, Cao, N, Mai, T, Bethell, D, Nguyen, T, Tu, S, Nguyen, MD, White, N

“…Short courses of ofloxacin are simple, inexpensive, safe, and effective for the treatment of uncomplicated multidrug-resistant typhoid fever.…”

Host susceptibility and clinical outcomes in toll-like receptor 5-deficient patients with typhoid fever in Vietnam. by Dunstan, S, Hawn, T, Hue, N, Parry, C, Ho, V, Vinh, H, Diep, T, House, D, Wain, J, Aderem, A, Hien, T, Farrar, J

“…Here we investigated whether TLR5(392STOP) was associated with typhoid fever. The frequency of TLR5(392STOP) was not significantly different in 565 patients with typhoid fever and 281 ethnically matched control subjects. …”

Molecular typing of multiple-antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi from Vietnam: application to acute and relapse cases of typhoid fever. by Wain, J, Hien, T, Connerton, P, Ali, T, Parry, C, Chinh, N, Vinh, H, Phuong, C, Ho, V, Diep, T, Farrar, J, White, N, Dougan, G

“…Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and other typing methods were used to analyze drug-resistant and -susceptible organisms isolated from patients with typhoid fever in several districts in southern Vietnam. …”

Epidemic typhoid in vietnam: molecular typing of multiple-antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype typhi from four outbreaks. by Connerton, P, Wain, J, Hien, T, Ali, T, Parry, C, Chinh, N, Vinh, H, Ho, V, Diep, T, Day, N, White, N, Dougan, G, Farrar, J

“…Multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolates from four outbreaks of typhoid fever in southern Vietnam between 1993 and 1997 were compared. …”

Antibodies to the Vi capsule of Salmonella Typhi in the serum of typhoid patients and healthy control subjects from a typhoid endemic region. by House, D, Ho, V, Diep, T, Chinh, N, Bay, P, Vinh, H, Duc, M, Parry, C, Dougan, G, White, N, Farrar, J, Hien, T, Wain, J

“…Typhi during naturally acquired typhoid fever in an endemic area. METHODOLOGY: An indirect ELISA, using tyraminated, purified Vi-CPS, was used to assay anti-Vi-CPS antibodies from typhoid fever cases and controls living in the Ho Chi Minh City and Mekong Delta region of Viet Nam. …”

Effects on growth of single short courses of fluoroquinolones. by Bethell, D, Hien, T, Phi, LT, Day, N, Vinh, H, Duong, N, Len, N, Chuong, L, White, N

“…The aim of the study was to document the effects of short courses of fluoroquinolones given during an outbreak of multidrug resistant typhoid fever in southern Viet Nam on the growth of children over a period of two years. …”