Neurological dysfunction following malaria: disease- or drug-related? by White, N

Optimal duration of follow-up for assessing antimalarial efficacy in pregnancy: a retrospective analysis of a cohort followed up until delivery on the Thailand-Myanmar border by Saito, M, Mansoor, R, Wiladphaingern, J, Paw, M, Pimanpanarak, M, Proux, S, Guérin, P, White, N, Nosten, F, McGready, R

“…<strong>Background</strong> Follow-up for 28–42 days is recommended by the World Health Organization to assess antimalarial drug efficacy for nonpregnant populations. …”

Safety of artemisinins in first trimester of prospectively followed pregnancies: an observational study by Moore, K, Simpson, J, Paw, M, Pimanpanarak, M, Wiladphaingern, J, Rijken, M, Jittamala, P, White, N, Fowkes, F, Nosten, F, McGready, R

“…</p> <h4>Findings</h4> <p>Of 25485 women, 2558 (10%) had first-trimester malaria, The hazard of miscarriage increased 1·61-fold after an initial first-trimester falciparum episode (95% CI: 1·32, 1·97), 3·24-fold following falciparum recurrence (95% CI: 2·24, 4·68), and 2·44-fold (95% CI: 1·01, 5·88) following recurrent symptomatic vivax. …”

High rate of Plasmodium vivax relapse following treatment of falciparum malaria in Thailand. by Looareesuwan, S, White, N, Chittamas, S, Bunnag, D, Harinasuta, T

“…Within two months of treatment for falciparum malaria, Plasmodium vivax infections developed in 58 (33%) of 174 patients who had received a quinine or quinidine regimen and in 46 (32%) of 145 patients who had received mefloquine with inpatient follow-up of more than six weeks. The time to vivax relapse was significantly longer after mefloquine treatment (median 47 days, range 30-65) than after quinine or quinidine treatment (21 days, 15-36; p less than 0.0001). …”

Serological evidence for increased human exposure to Burkholderia pseudomallei following the tsunami in southern Thailand. by Wuthiekanun, V, Chierakul, W, Rattanalertnavee, J, Langa, S, Sirodom, D, Wattanawaitunechai, C, Winothai, W, White, N, Day, N, Peacock, S

In vivo assessment of drug efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum malaria: duration of follow-up. by Stepniewska, K, Taylor, W, Mayxay, M, Price, R, Smithuis, F, Guthmann, J, Barnes, K, Myint, H, Adjuik, M, Olliaro, P, Pukrittayakamee, S, Looareesuwan, S, Hien, T, Farrar, J, Nosten, F, Day, N, White, N

“…To determine the optimum duration of follow-up for the assessment of drug efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum malaria, 96 trial arms from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with follow-up of 28 days or longer that were conducted between 1990 and 2003 were analyzed. …”

Population pharmacokinetics of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin following intra-rectal dosing of artesunate in malaria patients. by Simpson, J, Agbenyega, T, Barnes, K, Di Perri, G, Folb, P, Gomes, M, Krishna, S, Krudsood, S, Looareesuwan, S, Mansor, S, McIlleron, H, Miller, R, Molyneux, M, Mwenechanya, J, Navaratnam, V, Nosten, F, Olliaro, P, Pang, L, Ribeiro, I, Tembo, M, van Vugt, M, Ward, S, Weerasuriya, K, Win, K, White, N

“…Venous blood samples were taken during a period of 24 h following dosing. Plasma artesunate and dihydroartemisinin (DHA, the main biologically active metabolite) concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. …”

Plasmodium vivax relapse rates following plasmodium falciparum malaria reflect previous transmission intensity by Ashley, E, Phyo, A, Carrara, V, Tun, K, Nosten, F, Smithuis, F, White, N

“…Corresponding data from 42 days of follow-up revealed that 820 of 3883 patients (21.1%) had recurrent P. vivax malaria before 2010, compared with 22 of 886 (2.5%) from 2010 onward (RR, 0.117; 95% CI, .077–.177; P &lt; .0001). …”

Pharmacokinetics of dihydroartemisinin following oral artesunate treatment of pregnant women with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. by Mcgready, R, Stepniewska, K, Ward, SA, Cho, T, Gilveray, G, Looareesuwan, S, White, N, Nosten, F

“… OBJECTIVE: To determine the pharmacokinetic properties of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) following oral artesunate treatment in women with recrudescent multi-drug resistant falciparum malaria, in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. …”

Plasmodium vivax recurrence following falciparum and mixed species malaria: risk factors and effect of antimalarial kinetics. by Douglas, N, Nosten, F, Ashley, E, Phaiphun, L, van Vugt, M, Singhasivanon, P, White, N, Price, R

“…BACKGROUND: Plasmodium vivax malaria commonly follows treatment of falciparum malaria in regions of co-endemicity. …”

Oseltamivir is adequately absorbed following nasogastric administration to adult patients with severe H5N1 influenza. by Taylor, W, Thinh, B, Anh, G, Horby, P, Wertheim, H, Lindegardh, N, Jong, d, Stepniewska, K, Hanh, T, Hien, N, Bien, N, Chau, N, Fox, A, Ngoc, N, Crusat, M, Farrar, J, White, N, Ha, N, Lien, T, Trung, N, Day, N, Binh, N

“…Both females were sampled while on continuous venovenous haemofiltration. Admission and follow up specimens (trachea, nose, throat, rectum, blood) were tested for RNA viral load by reverse transcriptase PCR. …”

Gametocyte carriage in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria following treatment with artemisinin combination therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data by Abdulla, S, Achan, J, Yeka, A, D'Alessandro, U, Adam, I, Alemayehu, B, Allan, R, Temu, E, Allen, E, Barnes, K, Anvikar, A, Valecha, N, Arinaitwe, E, Ashley, E, Carrara, V, McGready, R, Nosten, F, Lee, S, White, N, Asih, P, Awab, G, Dondorp, A, Fanello, C, Woodrow, C, Dahal, P, Guerin, P, Humphreys, G, Moreira, C, Nsanzabana, C, Price, R, Sibley, C, Stepniewska, K, Bassat, Q, Gonzalez, R, Baudin, E, Checchi, F, Espie, E, Grandesso, F, Nabasumba, C, Schramm, B, Björkman, A, Bompart, F, Lameyre, V, Bonnet, M, Borrmann, S, Bousema, T, Cenci, F, Cot, M, Faucher, J, Kapulu, M, Marsh, K, Mayxay, M, Newton, P, Roper, C, Deloron, P, Djimde, A, Fofana, B, Doumbo, O, Sagara, I, Dorsey, G, Rosenthal, P, Drakeley, C, Hay, S, Gething, P

“…Methods: Factors associated with gametocytaemia prior to, and following, ACT treatment were identified in multivariable logistic or Cox regression analysis with random effects. …”

ERYTHROCYTIC DIGOXIN RECEPTOR NUMBERS AND ACTIVITY - RELATION TO CLINICAL CHANGES FOLLOWING DIGOXIN WITHDRAWAL AFTER LONG-TERM TREATMENT FOR HEART-FAILURE IN SINUS RHYTHM by Pugh, S, White, N, Aronson, J, Grahamesmith, D, Carver, J

The dynamic of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections following mass drug administrations with dihydroarteminisin-piperaquine plus a single low dose of primaquine in Savannakhet Province, Laos by Pongvongsa, T, Phommasone, K, Adhikari, B, Henriques, G, Chotivanich, K, Hanboonkunupakarn, B, Mukaka, M, Peerawaranun, P, Von Seidlein, L, Day, N, White, N, Dondorp, A, Imwong, M, Newton, P, Singhasivanon, P, Mayxay, M, Pukrittayakamee, S

“…A multi-pronged approach assuring access to basic malaria control measures, including insecticide-treated bed nets and early diagnosis and treatment was followed by mass drug administrations (MDA) in southern Savannakhet Province, Laos. …”

Gametocyte dynamics and the role of drugs in reducing the transmission potential of Plasmodium vivax. by Douglas, N, Simpson, J, Phyo, A, Siswantoro, H, Hasugian, A, Kenangalem, E, Poespoprodjo, JR, Singhasivanon, P, Anstey, N, White, N, Tjitra, E, Nosten, F, Price, R

“…In Indonesia, the incidence of gametocytemia was 33.6% following artesunate + amodiaquine (AS + AQ), 7.42% following artemether + lumefantrine, and 6.80% following DHA + PIP (P &lt; .001 for DHA + PIP vs AS + AQ). …”

Single dose pharmacokinetics of proguanil and its metabolites in pregnancy. by Wangboonskul, J, White, N, Nosten, F, ter Kuile, F, Moody, R, Taylor, R

“…Mean plasma AUC values for proguanil during and following pregnancy were 94 and 98 ng.h.ml-1.kg-1, respectively. …”

Comparative bioavailability of oral, rectal, and intramuscular artemether in healthy subjects: use of simultaneous measurement by high performance liquid chromatography and bioassa... by Teja-Isavadharm, P, Nosten, F, Kyle, D, Luxemburger, C, Ter Kuile, F, Peggins, J, Brewer, T, White, N

“…The mean (95% CI) relative bioavailability compared with oral artemether in the 6 h following administration AUC (0.6h) was 25 (9 to 41)% following i.m. and 35 (10 to 60)% following i.r. artemether. 4. …”

Pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous ofloxacin in children with multidrug-resistant typhoid fever. by Bethell, D, Day, N, Dung, N, McMullin, C, Loan, H, Tam, D, Minh, LT, Linh, N, Dung, N, Vinh, H, MacGowan, A, White, L, White, N

“…The pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous ofloxacin (7.5 mg.kg of body weight-1 given over 30 min) were studied in an open crossover study of 17 Vietnamese children, aged between 5 and 14 years, with acute uncomplicated typhoid fever. Following oral administration, the median (95% confidence interval [CI]) time to peak concentration of ofloxacin in serum (Cmax) was 1.7 h (1.4 to 1.9 h) and the mean (95% CI) Cmax was 5.5 mg.liter-1 (4.7 to 6.3 mg.liter-1) compared with a Cmax of 8.7 mg.liter-1 (7.6 to 9.7 mg.liter-1) following the intravenous infusion. …”

Antithrombin III and antivenom reversal of coagulopathy in rats envenomated with Malayan pit viper venom. by Pukrittayakamee, S, Clemens, R, Nontprasert, A, Desakorn, V, Charoenlarp, P, Chongsuphajaisiddhi, T, White, N

“…The therapeutic effects of antithrombin III (AT-III) and unrefined equine antivenom in the treatment of coagulopathy induced by Malayan pit viper (Calloselasma rhodostoma) venom were assessed in 42 adult Wistar rats. Following intramuscular venom injection (2 micrograms/g body weight), serial blood samples were taken from the femoral vein for measurement of whole blood clotting time and AT-III activity. …”

Quinine and mefloquine in the treatment of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in pregnancy. by Mcgready, R, Cho, T, Hkirijaroen, L, Simpson, J, Chongsuphajaisiddhi, T, White, N, Nosten, F

“…Antimalarial treatment was generally well tolerated; the most common side-effects were dizziness (42%) and tinnitus (35%) following quinine, and anorexia (23%) and dizziness (36%) following mefloquine. …”