Explaining lifelong loyalty: The role of identity fusion and self-shaping group events. by Newson, M, Buhrmester, M, Whitehouse, H

“…Results suggest that feeling personally self-shaped by club events (e.g., crucial wins and losses), rather than time invested in the club, leads to greater identity fusion to one's club. In turn, fusion engenders a sense of lifelong club loyalty. …”

Pathways to prejudice and outgroup hostility: Group alignment and intergroup conflict among football fans by White, F, Newson, M, Verrelli, S, Whitehouse, H

“…The findings also revealed that fusion with one's club predicted outgroup hostility, but not prejudice, whereas identification with one's club predicted outgroup prejudice, but not hostility. …”