Application of operational tolerance signatures are limited by variability and type of immunosuppression in renal transplant recipients: A cross-sectional study. by Bottomley, M, Chen, M, Fuggle, S, Harden, P, Wood, K

“…However, only azathioprine use associated with the presence of donor-specific anti-HLA IgG antibodies. …”

The germinal centre reaction and follicular T cells in alloantibody formation by Wallin, E

“…In vitro experiments suggest this may be due to a differential effect of azathioprine on cTfh and B cells compared to mycophenolate mofetil, an alternative maintenance agent. …”

The utilisation of biomarkers of a reduced immune response to predict squamous cell carcinoma in long-term renal transplant recipients by Bottomley, M

“…</p> <p>Signatures of operational tolerance did not predict SCC risk but were heavily influenced by the effect upon circulating B cells due to immunosuppressive regime, particularly azathioprine and calcineurin inhibition. Further evaluation indicated that azathioprine use was associated with the presence of donor-specific antibodies.…”

Conversion to sirolimus in kidney transplant recipients with squamous cell cancer and changes in immune phenotype. by Carroll, R, Hester, J, Wood, K, Harden, P

“… BACKGROUND: Conversion to sirolimus from calcineurin inhibitor- (CNI), azathioprine- (AZA) and mycophenolate-based regimens reduces the risk of development of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). …”