Presidents, politics, and military strategy: Electoral constraints during the Iraq War by Payne, A

“…How do electoral politics affect presidential decisionmaking in war? As both commander in chief and elected officeholder, presidents must inevitably balance competing objectives of the national interest and political survival when assessing alternative military strategies in war. …”

In search of Nelson’s spy: a research case study by Reay, J

“…In the summer of 1803 Admiral Lord Nelson arrived on the coast of Catalonia as Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Navy's Mediterranean Fleet. …”

Ideology, civilian authority and the Zimbabwean military by Tendi, M

“…Be that as it may, Mugabe retains effective control of military elites for a variety of reasons, namely power derived from his status as ZDF commander in chief and his high position in ZANU(PF)'s 1970s nationalist hierarchy; his shrewd use of prebends to maintain loyalty; and the staunch ideological commitment of sections of the military elite to ZANU(PF).…”

Bargaining with the military: how presidents manage the political costs of civilian control by Payne, A

“…In an era of increased politicization of the military, there are powerful disincentives for commanders-in-chief to challenge the preferences of the senior military leadership. …”