Signals from a self-antigen induce positive selection in early B cell ontogeny but are tolerogenic in adults. by Ferry, H, Crockford, T, Leung, J, Cornall, R

“…To address this question, we have studied the development of anti-hen egg lysozyme MD4 Ig transgene B cells while systematically varying the level, distribution, and timing of exposure to different forms of hen egg lysozyme as a self-Ag. …”

Clozapine combined with different antipsychotic drugs for treatment resistant schizophrenia by Barber, S, Olotu, U, Corsi, M, Cipriani, A

“…There were no adverse effect data for weight gain but there was a benefit of aripiprazole for adverse effects measured by the LUNSERS at 12 weeks (1 RCT, n = 105, MD -4.90, 95% CI -8.48 to -1.32) and 24 weeks (1 RCT, n = 105, MD -4.90, 95% CI -8.25 to -1.55), but not 52 weeks (1 RCT, n = 105, MD -4.80, 95% CI -9.79 to 0.19). …”

Spontaneous B cell hyperactivity in autoimmune-prone MRL mice. by Nijnik, A, Ferry, H, Lewis, G, Rapsomaniki, E, Leung, J, Daser, A, Lambe, T, Goodnow, C, Cornall, R

“…In this study, we use the MD4 anti-hen egg lysozyme Ig (IgHEL) transgenic system to explore B cell function in MRL+/+ and non-autoimmune mice. …”

Analysis of Lyn/CD22 double-deficient B cells in vivo demonstrates Lyn- and CD22-independent pathways affecting BCR regulation and B cell survival. by Ferry, H, Crockford, T, Cockford, T, Silver, K, Rust, N, Goodnow, C, Cornall, R

“…To assess the relative importance of Lyn- and CD22-dependent and -independent pathways, we generated Lyn and CD22 single-deficient mice and Lyn/CD22 double-deficient mice expressing the MD4 immunoglobulin transgene against hen egg lysozyme (IgHEL). …”

Surgical interventions for the prevention or treatment of lymphoedema after breast cancer treatment by Furniss, D, Markkula, P, Leung, N, Allen, V

“…For participants suffering from stage 2 lymphoedema, the evidence suggested reductions in limb volume (MD -39.00%, 95% CI -47.37% to -30.63%, very low-certainty evidence), pain scores (MD -4.16, 95% CI -5.17 to -3.15, very low-certainty evidence), heaviness sensation (MD -4.27, 95% CI -5.74 to -2.80, very low-certainty evidence), mean number of infections/year (MD -1.22, 95% CI -2.00 to -0.44, very low-certainty evidence), and an improvement in overall function scores (MD -3.77, 95% CI -4.89 to -2.65, very low-certainty evidence) for those who had undergone vascularised lymph node transfer compared to those who had undergone no treatment. …”

Effect of fentanyl for preterm infants on mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Sudo, Y, Seki-Nagasawa, J, Kajikawa, D, Kuratsuji, G, Haga, M, Shokraneh, F, Yamaji, N, Ota, E, Namba, F

“…No increase in ventilation duration (mean difference [MD]: 0.04, 95% CIs: −0.63–0.71) and no effect on hospital stay length (MD: 4.00, 95% CIs: −7.12–15.12) were found. Fentanyl intervention does not affect any other morbidities, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, periventricular leukomalacia, patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), severe IVH, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. …”

Loss of CD45R and gain of UCHL1 reactivity is a feature of primed T cells. by Akbar, A, Terry, L, Timms, A, Beverley, P, Janossy, G

“…A group of mAb recognizing the 200- and/or 220-kDa determinants (CD45R) of the leukocyte common Ag such as 2H4, WR16, MD4.3, and SN130 cross-block each other showing that they recognize a closely related epitope. …”

The effect of chlorogenic acid on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. by Onakpoya, I, Spencer, E, Thompson, M, Heneghan, C

“…Meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant reduction in systolic blood pressure in favour of CGA (mean difference (MD): -4.31 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval (CI): -5.60 to -3.01; I(2)=65%; P<0.00001). …”

Effects of brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2) guided management on patient outcomes following severe traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Hays, LMC, Udy, A, Adamides, AA, Anstey, JR, Bailey, M, Bellapart, J, Byrne, K, Cheng, A, Jamie Cooper, D, Drummond, KJ, Haenggi, M, Jakob, SM, Higgins, AM, Lewis, PM, Hunn, MK, McNamara, R, Menon, DK, Murray, L, Reddi, B, Trapani, T, Vallance, S, Young, PJ, Diaz-Arrastia, R, Shutter, L, Murray, PT, Curley, GF, Nichol, A

“…There was no difference in the proportion of patients with favourable neurological outcomes with PbtO2-guided management (relative risk [RR] 1.42, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.08; p = 0.07; I2 = 0%, very low certainty evidence) but PbtO2-guided management was associated with reduced mortality (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.93; p = 0.03; I2 = 42%; very low certainty evidence) and ICP (mean difference (MD) − 4.62, 95% CI − 8.27 to − 0.98; p = 0.01; I2 = 63%; very low certainty evidence). …”

Transit timings variations in the three-planet system: TOI-270 by Kaye, L, Vissapragada, S, Gunther, MN, Aigrain, S, Mikal-Evans, T, Jensen, ELN, Parviainen, H, Pozuelos, FJ, Abe, L, Acton, JS, Agabi, A, Alves, DR, Anderson, DR, Armstrong, DJ, Barkaoui, K, Barragan, O, Benneke, B, Boyd, PT, Brahm, R, Bruni, I, Bryant, EM, Burleigh, MR, Casewell, SL, Ciardi, D, Cloutier, R, Collins, KA, Collins, KI, Conti, DM, Crossfield, IJM, Crouzet, N, Daylan, T, Dragomir, D, Dransfield, G, Fabrycky, D, Fausnaugh, M, Gan, T, Gill, S, Gillon, M, Goad, MR, Gorjian, V, Greklek-McKeon, M, Guerrero, N, Guillot, T, Jehin, E, Jenkins, JS, Lendl, M, Kamler, J, Kane, SR, Kielkopf, JF, Kunimoto, M, Taylor, J

“…When incorporating recently published constraints from radial velocity observations, we obtain masses of Mb=1.48± 0.18, M⊕, Mc=6.20± 0.31, M⊕, and Md=4.20± 0.16, M⊕ for planets b, c, and d, respectively. …”

Closed-loop oxygen control for critically ill patients––A systematic review and meta-analysis by Mól, CG, Vieira, AGDS, Garcia, BMSP, dos Santos Pereira, E, Eid, RAC, Schultz, MJ, Pinto, ACPN, Nawa, RK

“…Current evidence also shows that closed-loop oxygen control systems have the potential to reduce the percentage of time with hypoxemia (MD -0.98; 95% CI -1.68, -0.27) and healthcare workload (MD -4.94; 95% CI -7.28, -2.61) with low certainty of evidence. …”

Biomarkers of potential harm in people switching from smoking tobacco to exclusive e-cigarette use, dual use, or abstinence: secondary analysis of Cochrane systematic review of tri... by Hartmann-Boyce, J, Butler, AR, Theodoulou, A, Onakpoya, IJ, Hajek, P, Bullen, C, Rigotti, NA, Lindson, N

“…</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>In pooled analyses, exhaled CO (eCO) was lower in EC versus EC + CC [mean difference (MD) = −4.40 parts per million (p.p.m.), 95% confidence interval (CI) = −12.04 to 3.24, two studies] and CC (MD = −9.57 p.p.m., 95% CI = −17.30 to −1.83, three studies). eCO was lower in dual users versus CC only (MD = −1.91 p.p.m., 95% CI = −3.38 to −0.45, two studies). …”

Exercise for rheumatoid arthritis of the hand by Williams, M, Srikesavan, C, Heine, P, Bruce, J, Brosseau, L, Hoxey-Thomas, N, Lamb, S

“…On a 0 to 80 points hand function test (higher scores mean better function), the exercise group (n = 11) scored 76.1 points and control group (n = 13) scored 75 points.Moderate-quality evidence (due to risk of bias) from one study indicated that exercise compared to usual care probably slightly improves hand function (mean difference (MD) 4.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58 to 7.42; n = 449) in the medium term (3 to 11 months) and in the long term (12 months or beyond) (MD 4.3, 95% CI 0.86 to 7.74; n = 438). …”

Compression stockings for preventing deep vein thrombosis in airline passengers by Clarke, M, Broderick, C, Hopewell, S, Juszczak, E, Eisinga, A

“…Wearing stockings had a significant impact in reducing oedema (mean difference (MD) -4.72, 95% CI -4.91 to -4.52; based on six trials; low-quality evidence). …”

Compression stockings for preventing deep vein thrombosis in airline passengers by Clarke, MJ, Broderick, C, Hopewell, S, Juszczak, E, Eisinga, A

“…Wearing stockings had a significant impact in reducing oedema (mean difference (MD) −4.72, 95% CI −4.91 to −4.52; based on six trials; low‐certainty evidence). …”

Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of childhood encephalitis by Iro, M, Martin, N, Absoud, M, Pollard, A

“…The median length of hospital stay in the Japanese encephalitis study was similar for IVIG-treated (median 13 days; range 9 to 21) and placebo-treated (median 12 days; range 6 to 18) children (P = 0.59).Pooled analysis of the results of the other two studies resulted in a significantly lower mean length of hospital stay (MD -4.54 days, 95% CI -7.47 to -1.61; P = 0.002), time to resolution of fever (MD -0.97 days, 95% CI -1.25 to -0.69; P &lt; 0.00001), time to stop spasms (MD -1.49 days, 95% CI -1.97 to -1.01; P &lt; 0.00001), time to regain consciousness (MD -1.10 days, 95% CI -1.48 to -0.72; P &lt; 0.00001), and time to resolution of neuropathic symptoms (MD -3.20 days, 95% CI -3.34 to -3.06; P &lt; 0.00001) in favour of IVIG when compared with standard care.None of the included studies reported other outcomes of interest in this review including need for invasive ventilation, duration of invasive ventilation, cognitive impairment, poor adaptive functioning, quality of life, number of seizures, and new diagnosis of epilepsy.The quality of evidence was very low for all outcomes of this review.The findings suggest a clinical benefit of adjunctive IVIG treatment for children with viral encephalitis for some clinical measures (i.e. mean length of hospital stay, time (days) to stop spasms, time to regain consciousness, and time to resolution of neuropathic symptoms and fever. …”

Interactive telemedicine: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes by Flodgren, G, Rachas, A, Farmer, A, Inzitari, M, Shepperd, S

“…We found some evidence of improved quality of life (five studies; N = 482; MD:-4.39, 95% CI -7.94 to -0.83; P &lt; 0.02; I(2) = 0%) (moderate certainty of evidence) for those allocated to TM as compared with usual care at a median three months follow-up. …”