Handbook of Space and Solar System Exploration in 1950s / by Valdes, Marilou, author 648396

“…Sputnik I was the first Earth - orbiting artificial satellite. …”
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Encyclopedia of International Space Agencies / by Hawkins, Vance, author 648262

“…Congress, alarmed by the perceived threat to national security and technological leadership (known as the "Sputnik crisis"), urged immediate and swift action, President Dwight D. …”
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Handbook of Spy Satellites / by Barber, Stuart, author 648283

“…In October 1957, the Russians launched Sputnik. It was the first man made object to be put into Earth's orbit.…”
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Essence of Space Exploration / by Luce, Zoe, author 648386

“…The early era of space exploration was driven by a "Space Race" between the Soviet Union and the United States, the launch of the first man-made object to orbit the Earth, the USSR's Sputnik 1, on October 4, 1957, and the The first Moon landing by the American Apollo 11 craft on July 20, 1969 are often taken as the boundaries for this initial period. …”
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