Cell Polarity Determinants Establish Asymmetry in MEN Signaling by Monje-Casas, Fernando, Amon, Angelika B

“…Through the analysis of one of the determinants of this asymmetry, Bfa1, we find that the machinery responsible for establishing cell polarity and cytoplasmic microtubules collaborate to establish MEN asymmetry. …”
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Morphogenetic forces planar polarize LGN/Pins in the embryonic head during Drosophila gastrulation by Camuglia, Jaclyn M.

“…This work addresses how forces transmitted through the early Drosophila embryo result in the planar cell polarity of Pins/LGN localization and cell division orientation. …”
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Deconvolving the roles of Wnt ligands and receptors in sensing and amplification by Tan, Rui Zhen, Ji, Ni, Mentink, Remco A., Korswagen, Hendrik C., van Oudenaarden, Alexander

“…Establishment of cell polarity is crucial for many biological processes including cell migration and asymmetric cell division. …”
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The Rb tumor suppressor regulates epithelial cell migration and polarity by Parisi, Tiziana, Balsamo, Michele, Gertler, Frank, Lees, Jacqueline

“…Altered cell polarity and migration are hallmarks of cancer and metastases. …”
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Rac GTPases play multiple roles in erythropoiesis by Ji, Peng, Lodish, Harvey F

“…Rac GTPases play significant roles in many cellular processes including migration, cytokinesis, lamellipodia formation, and cell polarity.1 Genetically modified mice deficient in each of the Racs are available;2–6 deficiency of Rac1 causes intrauterine death, whereas mice defective in Rac2, Rac3 or RhoG develop fairly normally. …”
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Some (dis)assembly required: partial unfolding in the Par-6 allosteric switch by Volkman, Brian F., Whitney, Dustin S

“…Here, we review the conformational dynamics that encode an allosteric switch in the PDZ domain of Par-6, which is a scaffold protein that organizes other proteins into a complex required to initiate and maintain cell polarity. NMR measurements revealed that the PDZ domain samples an evolutionarily conserved unfolding intermediate allowing rearrangement of two adjacent loop residues that control ligand binding affinity. …”
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Morphogenetic forces planar polarize LGN/Pins in the embryonic head during Drosophila gastrulation by Camuglia, Jaclyn, Chanet, Soline, Martin, Adam C

“…Here, we identify Pins-mediated planar cell polarized divisions in several of the mitotic domains of the early <jats:italic>Drosophila</jats:italic> embryo. …”
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Apical domain polarization localizes actin–myosin activity to drive ratchet-like apical constriction by Tworoger, Michael B., Martin, Adam C, Mason, Frank M

“…Therefore, Twist establishes radial cell polarity of Rok/Myo-II and E-cadherin and promotes medioapical actin assembly in mesoderm cells to stabilize cell shape fluctuations.…”
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Formation of a “Pre-mouth Array” from the Extreme Anterior Domain Is Directed by Neural Crest and Wnt/PCP Signaling by Lathrop-Marshall, Hillary, Chen, Justin, Rothman, Alyssa L., Jacox, Laura A., Sive, Hazel L.

“…Neural crest is essential for convergent extension and likely signals to the EAD through the Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. Fzl7 receptor is locally required in EAD ectoderm, while Wnt11 ligand is required more globally. …”
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Linear and Non-Linear Mechanical Nature of a Living Mammalian Cytoplasm by Gupta, Satish Kumar

“…In the second part of the thesis, we systematically show that cell polarity, which is known to facilitate a diverse set of cellular processes such as directional cell migration, differentiation, localized membrane growth, activation of the immune system, is a critical regulator of the anisotropic behavior of mechanics, dynamics and forces within the cytoplasm. …”
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Towards a defined ECM and small molecule based monolayer culture system for the expansion of mouse and human intestinal stem cells by Tong, Zhixiang, Martyn, Keir, Yang, Andy, Yin, Xiaolei, Mead, Benjamin E, Joshi, Nitin, Sherman, Nicholas E, Langer, Robert S, Karp, Jeffrey M

“…The distinct collagen cues synergistically regulate IEC attachment, proliferation, and Lgr5 expression through maximizing the engagement of distinct cell surface adhesion receptors (i.e. integrin α2β1, integrin β4) and cell polarity. Further, we apply our BLT Sandwich system to identify that the addition of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor inhibitor (LDN-193189) improves the expansion of Lgr5-GFP+ cells from mouse small intestinal crypts by nearly 2.5-fold. …”
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Microtubule-Based Control of Motor-Clutch System Mechanics in Glioma Cell Migration by Prahl, Louis S., Bangasser, Patrick F., Stopfer, Lauren Elizabeth, Hemmat, Mahya, White, Forest M., Rosenfeld, Steven S., Odde, David J.

“…They find that dynamic microtubules regulate actin-based protrusion dynamics that facilitate cell polarity and migration. Changes in net microtubule assembly alter cell traction forces via signaling-based regulation of a motor-clutch system. ©2018 The Authors…”
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Towards a defined ECM and small molecule based monolayer culture system for the expansion of mouse and human intestinal stem cells by Tong, Zhixiang, Martyn, Keir, Yang, Andy, Yin, Xiaolei, Mead, Benjamin E., Joshi, Nitin, Sherman, Nicholas E., Langer, Robert S., Karp, Jeffrey M.

“…The distinct collagen cues synergistically regulate IEC attachment, proliferation, and Lgr5 expression through maximizing the engagement of distinct cell surface adhesion receptors (i.e. integrin α2β1, integrin β4) and cell polarity. Further, we apply our BLT Sandwich system to identify that the addition of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor inhibitor (LDN-193189) improves the expansion of Lgr5-GFP+ cells from mouse small intestinal crypts by nearly 2.5-fold. …”
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Effects of 3D geometries on cellular gradient sensing and polarization by Andasari, Vivi, Zaman, Muhammad H, Spill, Fabian, Mak, Michael, Kamm, Roger Dale

“…Many existing mathematical models of cell polarization are formulated in terms of reaction-diffusion systems of interacting molecules, and are often defined in one or two spatial dimensions. …”
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Actomyosin Pulsing in Tissue Integrity Maintenance during Morphogenesis by Coravos, Jonathan Stuck, Mason, Frank M, Martin, Adam C

“…These so-called actomyosin pulses have been observed in a variety of contexts, including cell polarization and division, and in epithelia, where they occur during tissue contraction, folding, and extension. …”
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Experimental characterization and elementary reaction modeling of solid oxide electrolyte direct carbon fuel cell by Yu, Xiankai, Shi, Yixiang, Wang, Hongjian, Cai, Ningsheng, Li, Chen, Tomov, Rumen I., Glowacki, Bartek A., Hanna, Jeffrey, Ghoniem, Ahmed F

“…The coupling between carbon gasification and electrochemical oxidation on the SO-DCFC performance that results in an unusual transition zone in the cell polarization curve was predicted by the model, and analyzed in detail at the elementary reaction level. …”
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Mechanotransduction of fluid stresses governs 3D cell migration by Polacheck, William J., German, Alexandra E., Mammoto, Akiko, Ingber, Donald E., Kamm, Roger Dale

“…However, the molecular biophysical mechanism that underlies upstream cell polarization and rheotaxis remains unclear. We developed a microfluidic platform to investigate the effects of IF fluid stresses imparted on cells embedded within a collagen type I hydrogel, and we demonstrate that IF stresses result in a transcellular gradient in β1-integrin activation with vinculin, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), FAK[superscript PY397], F actin, and paxillin-dependent protrusion formation localizing to the upstream side of the cell, where matrix adhesions are under maximum tension. …”
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Mapping and modeling macrophages in tuberculosis by Peters, Joshua M.

“…Immune cells polarize to diverse transcriptional and functional states to cause or resolve disease. …”
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Quantifying Mass Transfer Rates in Redox Flow Batteries by Milshtein, Jarrod D, Tenny, Kevin M, Barton, John L, Drake, Javit, Darling, Robert M, Brushett, Fikile R

“…We then engage a single electrolyte flow cell study, with a model iron chloride electrolyte, to experimentally measure cell polarization as a function of flow field and flow rate. …”
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Leveraging Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms to Refine Electrode Properties in Redox Flow Batteries by Tenny, Kevin M, Braatz, Richard D, Chiang, Yet-Ming, Brushett, Fikile R

“…Using these data sets, we then build and train a neural network with minimal average root-mean squared testing error (17.9 ± 1.8 mA cm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>) to compute individual parameter sweeps along the cell polarization curve. Finally, we employ a genetic algorithm with the neural network to identify electrode property values for improving cell power density. …”
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