The chemical speciation of zinc in human saliva: possible correlation with reduction of the symptoms of the common cold produced by zinc gluconate-containing lozenges by Bakar, N.K.A., Taylor, D.M., Williams, D.R.

“…The results suggest that optimal activity requires salivary free Zn-aq(2+), ion concentrations of >4 and >8 mmol dm(-3) for saliva at pH = 6.75 and pH = 5.5, respectively.…”

High-rate fermentative hydrogen production from palm oil mill effluent in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket-fixed film reactor by Mohammadi, P., Ibrahim, S., Annuar, M.S.M.

“…An up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket-fixed film (UASB-FF) reactor was initially inoculated with heat pretreated seed sludge as inoculum and operated as closed-loop fed-batch for five days (HRT = 24 h; 38 °C; pH 5.5). The reactor was continuously fed with fresh pre-settled POME in order to shorten the start-up period. …”

Effects of different pretreatment methods on anaerobic mixed microflora for hydrogen production and COD reduction from palm oil mill effluent by Mohammadi, P., Ibrahim, Shaliza, Annuar, M.S.M., Law, S.

“…The experimental results showed that the pretreatment methods (chemical, acid, heat-shock, freezing and thawing, and base) at 35 °C and initial pH 5.5 had a positive influence on H 2 production yield and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency during the fermentative H 2 production as compared to the control experiments (without pretreatment). …”
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Preparation, characterization and adsorption performance of the koh-activated carbons derived from kenaf fiber for lead (II) removal from waste water by Chowdhury, Z.Z., Ashraf, M.A., Khan, R.A., Zain, Sharifuddin Md

“…About 93.23% of Pb (II) was removed from 100 mg/l solution at pH 5.5. The experimental data followed pseudo second order kinetics which confirms chemisorptions. …”

Batch and fixed bed adsorption studies of lead (II) cations from aqueous solutions onto granular activated carbon derived from mangostana garcinia shell by Chowdhury, Z.Z., Khalid, K., Rafique, R.F., Khan, R.A., Zain, Sharifuddin Md

“…Batch experiments were carried out to study equilibrium isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics by using an initial lead (Pb 2+ ions) concentration of 50 to 100 mg/L at pH 5.5. Equilibrium data were fitted using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin linear equation models at temperatures 30°C, 50°C, and 70°C. …”

Equilibrium kinetics and isotherm studies of CU (II) adsorption from waste water onto alkali activated oil palm ash by Chowdhury, Z.Z., Ahmed, A.A., Khan, R.A., Zain, Sharifuddin Md

“…Experimental data showed that about 96.03% of copper can be removed at pH 5.5. Conclusion: The research concluded that activation by alkali treatment of natural OPA would produce sufficient porosities and surface area and it has got good potential to remove Cu (II) from waste water. © 2010 Science Publications.…”

Kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the adsorption of heavy metals on to a new adsorbent: coal mine drainage sludge by Cui, M., Jang, M., Cho, S.H., Khim, J.

“…The results of a thermodynamic study showed that the activation energies (EA) were 3.75 and 1.75 kJ mol-1 for the adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on to CMDS at pH 5.5. These values of activation energy could correspond to physisorption. …”
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