Effect of grain size on vickers microhardness and fracture toughness in calcium phosphate bioceramics by Tolouei, R., Singh, R., Tan, C.Y., Amiriyan, M., Teng, W.D.

“…Grain size dependences of Vickers microhardness and indentation fracture toughness in fully dense hydroxyapatite bioceramics without additives were studied. …”

Sintering behaviour of natural porous hydroxyapatite derived from bovine bone by Niakan, A., Ramesh, S., Ganesan, P., Tan, C.Y., Purbolaksono, J., Chandran, H., Ramesh, S., Teng, W.D.

“…The sintered bodies were characterized to determine the phases present, bulk density, Ca/P ratio and Vickers hardness. In addition, the microstructural evolution of the sintered porous bodies was also examined. …”

Sintering behavior of hydroxyapatite ceramics prepared by different routes by Yong, T.C., Singh, R., Liang, A.K., Hong, Y.W.

“…The optimum sintering temperature for the synthesized HA(W) was 1100 degrees C with the following properties being recorded: 99.8 relative density, Vickers hardness of 7.04 GPa and fracture toughness of 1.22 MPam(1/2). …”

Effect of sintering temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of sodalite infiltrate all-ceramic material for dental restorations by Naji, Ghassan Abdul Hamid, Omar, Ros Anita, Dabbagh, Ali, Yahya, Rosiyah

“…Hundred and twenty disc-shaped samples were sintered at various temperatures and prepared for biaxial flexural strength and Vickers microhardness tests. The results showed that sintering temperatures from 1100 to 1600°C for both A-SOD and ZTA-SOD samples has resulted in a significant improvement in the density (2.8 and 1.1%, respectively), flexural strength (257 and 254%, respectively), Vickers hardness (109 and 112%, respectively), and Weibull modulus (7.5 and 3%, respectively). …”

Sintering and densification behavior of ZnO-doped Y-TZP ceramics by Sankar, U., Satgunam, M., Amiriyan, M., Singh, R., Teng, W.D.

“…The sintered bodies were examined to determine the phase content, bulk density, Young's modulus, Vickers hardness and fracture toughness. The results showed that the addition of 1 wt. …”

Sintering properties and low-temperature degradation behaviour of Y-TZP ceramics by Ting, C.H., Ramesh, S., Lwin, N., Sutharsini, U.

“…On the other hand, maximum Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of 14.4 GPa and 5.07 MPam1/2 respectively, was measured at 1350°C. …”

Sintering behavior of hydroxyapatite prepared from different routes by Ramesh, Singh, Tan, C.Y., Tolouei, R., Amiriyan, M., Purbolaksono, J., Sopyan, I., Teng, W.D.

“…The optimum sintering temperature for the HA(W) samples was 1100 degrees C with the following properties being recorded: 99.8 relative density, Vickers hardness of 7.04 GPa and fracture toughness of 1.22 MPa m(1/2). …”

Effect of microwave sintering on the properties of copper oxide doped Y-TZP ceramics by Ramesh, Singh, Sara Lee, K.Y., Tan, Chou Yong, Wong, Yew Hoong, Alengaram, Ubagaram Johnson, Tarlochan, Faris, Ramesh, Subramaniam, Teng, W.D., Sutharsini, U., Sarhan, Ahmed Aly Diaa Mohammed

“…The results showed that significant enhancement in the relative density and Vickers hardness were observed for the undoped Y-TZP when MW-sintered between 1100 °C and 1250 °C. …”

Effect of mouthrinses on surface microhardness of selected dental composites by Ahmad, A., Abu Kasim, N.H.

“…Microhardness was recorded before immersion (control group) using a load of 200g for 15 seconds using Vickers microhardness tester, (Shimadzu Corp, Kyoto, Japan). …”
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Effect of powder calcination on the sintering of hydroxyapatite by Tan, C.Y., Ramesh, S., Aw, K.L., Yeo, W.H., Abd Shukor, Mohd Hamdi, Sopyan, I.

“…The sintering behaviour of synthesized HA powder that was calcined at various temperatures ranging from 700 degrees C to 1000 degrees C was investigated in terms of phase stability, bulk density, Young's modulus and Vickers hardness. The calcination treatment resulted in higher crystallinity of the starting HA powder. …”

Hardness and compressive properties of calcium carbonate derived from clam shell filled unsaturated polyester composites by Mahshuri, Y., Amalina, M.A.

“…Hardness and compression tests were done, and the compressive strength values correlated with the Vickers hardness number. The result showed that the hardness of the unsaturated polyester improved as the CaCO3 filler was infused into the matrix. …”

Hardness and compressive properties of calcium carbonate derived from clam shell filled unsaturated polyester composites by Mahshuri, Y., Amalina, M.A.

“…Hardness and compression tests were done and the compressive strength values correlated with the Vickers hardness number. The result showed that the hardness of the unsaturated polyester was improved as the CaC03 filler was infused in the matrix. …”
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Effects of two-step sintering on the properties of hydroxyapatite bioceramic by Ramesh, S., Gan, C.J., Bang, L.T., Niakan, A., Tan, C.Y., Purbolaksono, J., Chandran, H., Ramesh, S., Yap, B.K., Teng, W.D.

“…The sintered samples were examined in terms of phase stability, relative density, grain size, Vickers hardness, and fracture toughness. The results revealed that the two-step sintering cycle was effective in suppressing grain coarsening when compared to conventional sintering. …”

Sinterability and mechanical properties of MnO2-doped Y-TZP: the effects of holding time variations by Amiriyan, M., Satgunam, M., Sivakumar, S., Singh, R., Tolouei, R.

“…In the case of MnO2-doped Y-TZP however, Bulk density, Young's modulus, Vickers hardness and fracture toughness results show the beneficial effect of MnO2 in enhancing the densification of Y-TZP ceramics.…”

The effect of sintering ramp rate on the sinterability of forsterite ceramics by Teh, Y.C., Tan, C.Y., Ramesh, S., Chin, K.M.C., Tan, Y.M., Yap, B.K., Aimiriyan, M.

“…A high fracture toughness of similar to 4.9 MPam(1/2) and Vickers hardness of similar to 7.1 GPa were obtained for forsterite samples sintered at 1400 degrees C with a ramp rate of 10 degrees C per minute.…”

Properties of magnesium doped nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite synthesize by mechanochemical method by Adzila, S., Ramesh, S., Sopyan, I.

“…The properties were investigated in terms of phase stability, bulk density and Vickers hardness. In the present research, a dry mechanochemical synthesis was successfully employed to synthesis a nanocrystalline MgHA powder without any secondary phases. …”

Improved thermal and mechanical properties in hydroxyapatite–titanium composites by incorporating silica-coated titanium by Wakily, H., Dabbagh, A., Abdullah, H., Abdul Halim, N.F., Abu Kasim, N.H.

“…Consequently, composites containing identical weight ratios of hydroxyapatite and silica-coated titanium exhibited a relatively high Vickers' hardness value comparable to that of titanium-hydroxyapatite composites with a weight ratio of 3:1. …”

The influence of sintering temperature on the properties of compacted bovine hydroxyapatite by Herliansyah, M.K., Abd Shukor, Mohd Hamdi, Ide-Ektessabi, A., Wildan, M.W., Toque, J.A.

“…The sintered BHA specimens were analyzed using Archimedes method for measuring density; XRD for phase stability; and Vickers method for hardness measurement. The analysis results show that the starting BHA powder and the sintered BHA specimens contain HA. …”

Sintering studies of synthesised manganese-oxide-doped calcium phosphate via wet chemical precipitation method by Norakmal, A., Ramesh, S., Tan, C.Y., Muchtar, A., Yap, B.K., Tolouei, R.

“…The results also revealed that 0.3 wt% MnO2-doped biphasic calcium phosphate gave a maximum Vickers hardness of 5.14 GPa. On the other hand, 1.0 wt% MnO2-doped biphasic calcium phosphate exhibited highest fracture toughness of 1.32 MPa m(1/2) as compared to 0.88 MPa m(1/2) for undoped biphasic calcium phosphate when sintered at 1200 degrees C.…”

Effect of Dental Restorative Material Type and Shade on Characteristics of Two-Layer Dental Composite Systems by Karimzadeh, A., Ayatollahi, M.R., Bushroa, A.R.

“…Micro-indentation experiment was performed on the bulk and also on each layer of layered restoration specimens using a Vicker’s indenter. The interface between the two layers was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). …”
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