A probability distribution of shape for the dental maxillary arch using digital images by M. Rijal, O., Abdullah, N.A., M. Isa, Z., M. Noor, N., Tawfiq, O.F.

“…Selected landmarks from each of 47 maxillary dental casts were used to define a Cartesian-coordinate system from which the positions of selected teeth were determined on standardized digital images. The position of the i-th tooth was defined by a line of length ( i l ) joining the tooth to the origin, and the angle ( i T ) of this line to the horizontal Cartesian axis. …”
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Automated identification of copepods using digital image processing and artificial neural network by Leow, L.K., Chew, L.L., Chong, V.C., Dhillon, S.K.

“…This study aims to apply digital image processing and machine learning methods to build an automated identification and classification technique. …”

Automated identification of Monogeneans using digital image processing and K-nearest neighbour approaches by Kalafi, E.Y., Tan, W.B., Town, C., Dhillon, S.K.

“…The complex structure of these diagnostic organs and also their overlapping in microscopic digital images are impediments for developing fully automated identification system for monogeneans (LNCS 7666:256-263, 2012), (ISDA; 457-462, 2011), (J Zoolog Syst Evol Res 52(2): 95-99. 2013;). …”
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State of the art in passive digital image forgery detection: copy-move image forgery by Sadeghi, Somayeh, Dadkhah, Sajjad, Jalab, Hamid Abdullah, Mazzola, Giuseppe, Uliyan, Diaa Mohammed

“…Authenticating digital images is increasingly becoming important because digital images carry important information and due to their use in different areas such as courts of law as essential pieces of evidence. …”

Multi-Script-Oriented Text Detection and Recognition in Video/Scene/Born Digital Images by Raghunandan, K.S., Shivakumara, Palaiahnakote, Roy, Sangheeta, Kumar, Govindaraj Hemantha, Pal, Umapada, Lu, Tong

New Texture Descriptor Based on Modified Fractional Entropy for Digital Image Splicing Forgery Detection by Jalab, Hamid Abdullah, Subramaniam, Thamarai, Ibrahim, Rabha Waell, Kahtan, Hasan, Noor, Nurul Fazmidar Mohd

“…Forgery in digital images is immensely affected by the improvement of image manipulation tools. …”

Invariant domain based watermarking using Riesz Transform by Abbasi, A.

“…Digital image watermarking techniques are sensitive to geometric distortions such as scaling translation and rotation. …”

Encryption function on artificial neural network by Al Azawee, H., Husien, S., Yunus, M.A.M.

“…Six algorithms that design secrecy keys are used for digital image encryption. The privacy keys generated by stream cipher generators were tested for their randomness applying five tests of randomness. …”

Image quality assessment using edge based features by Attar, A., Shahbahrami, A., Rad, R.M.

“…There are many applications for Image Quality Assessment (IQA) in digital image processing. Many techniques have been proposed to measure the quality of an image such as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity (SSIM), and Mean Structural Similarity Index Measurement (MSSIM). …”

Source camera identification: a distributed computing approach using Hadoop by Faiz, M., Anuar, N.B., Wahab, A.W.A., Shamshirband, S., Chronopoulos, A.T.

“…The widespread use of digital images has led to a new challenge in digital image forensics. …”

Hydrodynamics and particle mixing/segregation measurements in an industrial gas phase olefin polymerization reactor using image processing technique and CFD-PBM model by Aramesh, R., Akbari, V., Shamiri, Ahmad, Hussain, Mohd Azlan, Aghamohammadi, N.

“…This paper develops a new method of digital image processing that investigates the hydrodynamics of an industrial gas phase olefin polymerization reactor and studies the fluidization structure of a wide range of particle size distribution in an industrial gas phase polymerization reactor by means of a CFD-PBM coupled model, where the direct quadrature method of moments (DQMOM) was implemented to solve the population balance model. …”

Resistance element welding of magnesium alloy and austenitic stainless steel in three-sheet configurations by Manladan, Sunusi Marwana, Zhang, Y., Ramesh, Singh, Cai, Yang Chuan, Ao, Sansan, Luo, Zhen

“…The fine grains resulted in high fusion zone hardness. Digital image correlation analysis revealed that the joints could experience joining zone rotation/out-of-plane displacement during lap-shear tests, which reduced the magnitude of strain sustained by the joints in the loading direction. …”

Resistance element weld-bonding and resistance spot weld-bonding of Mg alloy/austenitic stainless steel by Manladan, Sunusi Marwana, Zhang, Y., Ramesh, Singh, Cai, Yang Chuan, Luo, Zhen, Ao, Sansan, Arslan, A.

“…The nugget microstructure consisted of fine columnar dendritic structure. Digital image correlation (DIC) analysis was used to study the deformation behavior and strain evolution in the loading direction during lap-shear test. …”

Classification of Suncus murinus species complex (Soricidae: Crocidurinae) in Peninsular Malaysia using image analysis and machine learning approaches by Abu, A., Leow, L.K., Ramli, R., Omar, H.

“…In this study, seven descriptors namely area, convex area, major axis length, minor axis length, perimeter, equivalent diameter and extent which are based on the shape are used as features to represent digital image of skull that consists of dorsal, lateral and jaw views for each specimen. …”
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Image splicing forgery detection based on low-dimensional singular value decomposition of discrete cosine transform coefficients by Moghaddasi, Zahra, Jalab, Hamid Abdullah, Noor, Rafidah Md

“…Digital image forgery has significantly increased due to the rapid development of several tools of image manipulation. …”

Evaluation of the marginal fit of a zirconia ceramic computer-aided machined (CAM) crown system by Baig, M.R., Tan, K.Beng-Choon., Nicholls, J.I.

“…The crowns were then subjected to marginal gap and overhang evaluation at 6 designated margin locations using a computerized digital image analysis system. The data were calculated and statistically analyzed using 2-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests (alpha=.05). …”

Development of automated image stitching system for radiographic images by Samsudin, S., Adwan, S., Arof, Hamzah, Mokhtar, Norrima, Ibrahim, F.

“…To produce images containing the whole hand structure, digitized images from the X-ray films can be assembled using image stitching. …”
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Development of a kidney teleultrasound consultation system by Hassan, A., Ibrahim, F.

“…The design is layered upon a standard known as Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM). …”
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Approximation technique for prosthetic design using numerical foot profiling by Bani Hashim, A.Y., Abu Osman, Noor Azuan, Wan Abas, Wan Abu Bakar, Abdul Latif, L.

“…Further, this information is used to create the visual structures in the form of three distinct synthetic digital images. From these images the decision for important parts in the prosthetic foot design is made. …”
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Assessment of masticatory performance by geometric measurement of the mixing ability with 2-color chewing gum by Yousof, Yaman, Salleh, Nosizana Mohd, Yusof, Farazila

“…The boluses were retrieved and flattened to 1-mm-thick wafers and scanned with a flatbed scanner. The digital images were analyzed using ImageJ software equipped with a custom-built plug-in to measure the geometric dispersion (GD)of baseline red segment. …”