Stability Studies of Selected Metal Ions Chelates with 2-(4-amino-1,5- dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-ylideneamino) Phenol by Gouda, Gamal A., Ali, Gomaa A. M., Elnasr, Tarek A. Seaf

“…The results indicated that, the dissociation process is non-spontaneous, endothermic and entropically unfavorable. The formation of the metal complexes has been found to be endothermic and entropically favorable…”
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Thermal Studies on Arabic Gum - Carrageenan Polysaccharides Film by Jurida, Jamaludin, Fatmawati, Adam, Ruwaida, Abdul Rasid, Zulkafli, Hassan

“…The endothermic transition is due to the heat absorption for dehydration of water, H2O and the decomposition of samples process. …”
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An insight into the effects of synthesis methods on catalysts properties for methane reforming by Osazuwa, Osarieme Uyi, Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin, Fan, Xiaolei, Amenaghawon, Andrew Nosakhare, Mohammad Tazli, Azizan

“…Due to majorly high energy requirements and the endothermic nature of the reforming process, catalysts are essential. …”
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Advanced catalysts and effect of operating parameters in ethanol dry reforming for hydrogen generation. A review by Nor Shafiqah, Mohd-Nasir, Tan, Ji Siang, Kumar, Ponnusamy Senthil, Zainal, Ahmad, Jalil, A. A., Bahari, Mahadi, Van Le, Quyet, Xiao, Leilei, Mofijur, M., Xia, Changlei, Ahmed, Shams Forruque, Vo, Dai-Viet N.

“…H2 yield of 90% and above is achieved at 1073 K or above due to the endothermic nature of ethanol dry reforming. Improving catalytic performance and inhibiting coke formation may be achieved by using bimetallic catalysts and other types of metal oxides.…”
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Thermodynamic Study of Propane Dehydrogenation Into Propylene by Qurratuaini, Hassanusi

“…From the results obtained¸ all of possible reactions are endothermic reaction and the dehydrogenation temperature needs to be evaluated to beyond 500 K to 600 K.…”
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Solubility and thermodynamic function of carbamazepine-saccharin (CBZ-SAC) co-crystal in ethanolic solution by Fatinah, Ab Rahman, Engku Nadia, Engku Mat Nasir, Syarifah, Abd Rahim, Raihana Z., Edros, Nornizar, Anuar

“…Based on the apparent thermodynamic analysis parameter, it was indicated an “endothermic and entropy-driven dissolution” of CBZ-SAC co-crystal [2,3,4]. …”
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Ethanol CO₂ reforming over Ce and La promoted Cu/A1₂O3 catalysts for syngas production by Nor Shafiqah, Mohd Nasir

“…The existence of concurrent endothermic ethanol dehydrogenation in ECR increased H2/CO ratio from 1.46 to 1.91 suitable for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. …”
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Heat Optimization in Internal Curing Process of Geopolymer Mortar by Using Steel Dust by Kusbiantoro, Andri, Nabilah, Mamat, Norbaizurah, Rahman, Doh, Shu Ing

“…Endothermic is one of the fundamental characterics in geopolymer that involves external source of heat to activate the polymerization process to form strong hardened geopolymer. …”
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Characterization and preparation of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) as inhibitor in formation of hydrates by Najihah, Jamil, Hazlina, Husin, Ahmad Waseem, Alfida, Zachary, Aman, Zulkafli, Hassan

“…The DSC result showed the typical partially crystalline materials, showing some phases of separation are characterized by a glass transition (Tg = 25-26 °C) related to the amorphous part of the material, followed by two endothermic peaks related to the melting point (Tm = 185-225) of the crystallites. …”
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Kinetic and Thermodynamics of Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Zero Valent Iron Supported on Mesoporous Silica by Hamed, Atyaf Khalid, Mohd Hasbi, Ab. Rahim, Dewayanto, Nugroho, Du, Dongyu, Mohd Ridzuan, Nordin

“…Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process is endothermic with ΔH° was 90.53 kJ/mol. Positive ΔS° (300 J/mol) and negative ΔG° (-6.42 kJ/mol) was recorded, indicating the spontaneous of the adsorption process and naturally favorable.…”
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Synthesis of Biobased Polyester Polyol through Esterification of Sorbitol with Azelaic Acid Catalyzed by Tin(II) Oxide: A Kinetic Modeling Study by M. R., Kamaruzaman, Chin, S. Y., Pui, E. C. L., Prasetiawan, H., Azizan, N.

“…The equilibrium study validated the endothermicity of the reaction. Meanwhile, the kinetic data well fitted to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood Hougen Watson (LHHW) model with the activation energy of 14.43 kJ/mol.…”

Kinetics studies and thermodynamics of oil extraction from immobilized microalgae cells of Chlorella vulgaris: The effect of the different matrix system by Nagaarasan, Ramesh, Nur Hidayah, Mat Yasin, Zatul Iffah, Mohd Arshad

“…Moreover, with the enthalpy value of 0.115 kJ/mol, the extraction process using the SA system is endothermic and was found to be industrially more feasible process compared to other matrix systems. …”
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Kinetic Studies of the Esterification of Acrylic Acid with 2-Ethyl Hexanol Catalysed by Diaion Resins by Mohd Amirul Asyraf, Ahmad, Chin, Sim Yee, Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin

“…Eley–Rideal (ER) was the best kinetic model to correlate the production rate of 2EHA. Endothermicity of the AA esterification with 2EH was indicated by the increase of its equilibrium constant with temperature.…”
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High methoxyl pectin extracts from hylocereus polyrhizus's peels: Extraction kinetics and thermodynamic studies by Rubaiyi, M. Zaid, Mishra, Puranjan, Tabassum, Shabana, Zularisam, A. W., Mimi Sakinah, A. M.

“…The thermodynamic study has suggested that the process was endothermic, spontaneous and reversible. These results suggest that the physical and chemical treatment applied could be an efficient technique for the extraction of pectin from Hylocereus polyrhizus peels.…”
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Adsorption of Methylene Blue onto Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaves: Process Optimization, Isotherm, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies by Setiabudi, H. D., Rahimah, Jusoh, S. F. R. M., Suhaimi, S. F., Masrur

“…At temperature range of 30–55 °C, the adsorption process was found to be endothermic with increase in degree of spontaneity as the temperature increases. …”
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Catalysis for CO2 conversion; perovskite based catalysts by Osarieme, Uyi Osazuwa, Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin

“…CO2 conversion processes require the use of active catalysts due to the endothermicity of these reaction processes. The use of heterogeneous catalysts such as perovskites is gaining more attention due to their ease of separation, stability in handling, catalyst reuse and reproductively. …”
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Catalysts for Carbon dioxide utilization to sustainable energy and fuels by Osazuwa, Osarieme Uyi, Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin

“…CO2 conversion processes require the use of active catalysts due to the endothermicity of these reaction processes. The use of heterogeneous catalysts such as perovskites is gaining more attention due to their ease of separation, stability in handling, catalyst reuse and reproductively. …”
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Process optimization of methylene blue adsorption onto eggshell-treated palm oil fuel ash by Rosalyza, Hasan, C. C., Chong, Setiabudi, H. D., Rohayu, Jusoh, A. A., Jalil

“…The thermodynamic study discovered the endothermic and spontaneous natures of MB adsorption onto EG–POFA. …”
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Kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamic studies on the adsorption of mercury (ii) ion from aqueous solution using modified palm oil fuel ash by Imla Syafiqah, Mohd Salleh, Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof

“…The negative Gibbs free energy change (-788.90 kJ/mol) and the positive enthalpy change (73,680.33 kJ/mol) indicated that adsorption was spontaneous process and endothermic nature. Overall, POFA looks to be a promising adsorbent for removal of mercury (II) ion from aqueous solutions due to its high performance and availability at low cost.…”
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A review on catalyst formulation, reaction condition and reaction mechanism for dry reforming of methane/biogas to syngas by Abdul Hadi, Abdullah, Ahmad Zamani, Ab Halim, Amri, Mohamed

“…However, due to the highly endothermic nature of the dry reforming reaction, a large quantity of energy is required. …”
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