Isolated Malay speech recognition using fuzzy logic by Normiza, Mohd Yusof

“…Many methods and approach has been used by researcher to develop speech recognition system such as neural network and Hidden Markov Model. This research aim is to develop a isolated Malay speech recognition using Fuzzy Logic method. …”
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Feature-Fusion based Audio-Visual Speech Recognition using Lip Geometry Features in Noisy Environment by M. Z., Ibrahim, Mulvaney, D. J., M. F., Abas

“…This paper describes a feature-fusion audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) system that extracts lip geometry from the mouth region using a combination of skin color filter, border following and convex hull, and classification using a Hidden Markov Model. The comparison of the new approach with conventional audio-only system is made when operating under simulated ambient noise conditions that affect the spoken phrases. …”
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A lip geometry approach for feature-fusion based audio-visual speech recognition by M. Z., Ibrahim, Mulvaney, D. J.

“…This paper describes a feature-fusion audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) system that extracts lip geometry from the mouth region using a combination of skin color filter, border following and convex hull, and classification using a Hidden Markov Model. By defining a small number of highly descriptive geometrical features relevant to the recognition task, the approach avoids the poor scalability (termed the `curse of dimensionality') that is often associated with featurefusion AVSR methods. …”
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A Review on the Development of Indonesian Sign Language Recognition System by Jasni, Mohamad Zain, Sutarman, na, Mazlina, Abdul Majid

“…In order to improve recognition accuracy, researchers use methods, such as the hidden Markov model, artificial neural networks and dynamic time warping. …”
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Development on SNR estimator for audio-visual speech recognition based on waveform amplitude distribution analysis by Thum, Wei Seong

“…The classification was done using the multi-stream hidden Markov model (MSHMM) with leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) technique. …”
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