Physico-chemical characterizations of sawdust-derived biochar as potential solid fuels by Wan Ab. Karim Ghani, Wan Azlina, Da Silva, Gabriel, Alias, Azil Bahari

“…Characterization Malaysian rubber-wood sawdust derived biochar (MRWSB) produced in the fixed bed pyrolysis under different temperatures (450 to 850°C) were studied for its applicability as a solid fuel. A range of analyses were carried out, including biochar oxidation reactivity , inorganic species, oxygen and hydrogen contents in the biochars, release of heteroatoms in biochar as the gaseous product, and biochar structural evolution during pyrolysis process. …”
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Characterization of oil palm trunk biocoal and its suitability for solid fuel applications by Mohd Nudri, Mohd Nadly Aizat, Bachman, Robert T., Wan Abdul Karim Ghani, Wan Azlina, Ng, Denny Kok Sum, Azni, Atiyyah Ameenah

“…This study is aimed at investigating the pyrolysis of oil palm trunk (OPT) into biocoal and its suitability for solid fuel applications in terms of slagging and fouling tendencies, bulk density, proximate and ultimate analysis, higher heating value, energy densification ratio, and mass and energy yield. …”
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Development of Computer Program to Analyse Combustion Products Resulting from Incineration of Solid Fuels by Mohamed, Harimi

“…Numerous technologies have been developed to combust solid fuels and waste in a commercially useful manner. …”
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Simulation and analysis of calorific value for biomass solid waste as a potential solid fuel source for power generation by Kamaruddin, Nur Afiqah Basitah, Wan Abdul Karim Ghani, Wan Azlina, Abdul Hamid, Mohamad Rezi, Alias, Azil Bahari, Shamsudin, Abdul Halim

Empty fruit bunches-derived biochar from microwave-assisted pyrolysis as potential renewable solid fuel for power generation by Azni, ‘Atiyyah Ameenah

“…This study also suggests that addition of FEFBC in coal has the potential to be renewable solid fuel in power generation and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.…”
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Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of EFB-derived biochar as potential renewable solid fuel for power generation: biochar versus subbituminous coal by Azni, Atiyyah Ameenah, Wan Ab Karim Ghani, Wan Azlina, Idris, Azni, Ja'afar, Mohamad Fakri Zaky, Mohd Salleh, Mohamad Amran, Ishak, Nor Shafizah

“…Furthermore, EFBC combustion resulted in lower CO and NOx emissions than the SBC combustion by 51.60% and 60.50%, respectively, suggesting that EFBC is a potential solid fuel in power generation.…”
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Optimization of hydrothermal conditioning conditions for Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum americanum (Napier PakChong1 grass) to produce the press fluid for biogas production by Suaisom, Pitchaya, Pholchan, Patiroop, Che Man, Hasfalina, Aggarangsi, Pruk

“…The integrated generation of solid fuel and biogas from biomass (IFBB) process was adopted to separate press fluid from the biomass. …”
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Static hot-fire testing of a green hybrid rocket engine by Ahmad, Mohamed Tarmizi, Jagannathan, Anudiipnath, Abidin, Razali, Zhahir, Amzari, Saniman, Muhammad Nur Farhan

“…The hybrid rocket engine consists of liquid nitrous oxide (N2O) as the oxidizer, with the stearic acid as the solid fuel and the incorporation of carbon nanotube and aluminum powder as the additives. …”
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Review of kinetic and equilibrium concepts for biomass tar modeling by using Aspen Plus by A.M.A, Ahmed, Ali, Salmiaton, Choong, Thomas Shean Yaw, Wan Ab. Karim Ghani, Wan Azlina

“…Results for the operation of combined heat and power (CHP) biomass bubbling fluidized bed gasification, which integrated with solid fuel cell (SOFC) or coupled with an internal combustion engine (ICE), show different accuracy in terms of cold gas or electrical efficiencies, depending on how tar is approximated (either as one hydrocarbon compound or mixture of hydrocarbons). …”
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Evaluation of microwave pyrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunches by Omar, Rozita

“…The char also has the potential for activated carbon or solid fuel. EFB pyrolysis using microwave produced better syngas and cost cheaper compared to conventional heating. …”
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Synthesis, electrical and electochemical studies of bismuth antimony oxide for ascorbic acid detection by Chia, Chew Theng

“…Oxide ion conductors have been studied widely for year due to its economic benefit in the application of solid fuel cell and further in chemically modified electrode for ascorbic acid detection. …”
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Steam pretreatment to improve enzymatic saccharification of oil palm Elaeis guineensis empty fruit bunch by Shamsudin, Saleha

“…After steam pretreatment and saccharification, the calorific values of EFB residues were upgraded into solid product with favorable solid fuel characteristics (16.3 to 19.7 MJ/kg with 1–5 wt% moisture content).…”
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Application of Theoretical Combustion Analysis in Determining the Optimum Fibre/Shell Ratio for Oil Mill Boiler by Mohamed, Harimi

“…Currently from 50 million tons of fibre and shell generated yearly, only 60% are used in all palm oil mills as solid fuel for steam boilers. The only problem when incinerating the fibre and shell in a random mixture, the amount of air required would be difficult to control or to maintain and consequently, the control of flue gas emissions become the most difficult task. …”
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