Development of an on-board visual display for early knock detection in SI engine by Padmanathan, Packianathan, Kamal, Khurram, Senthan, Mathavan

“…Finally, the FFT spectrum is displayed on a Graphic Liquid Crystal Display (GLCD) and hence the possible frequency of interest on which knock occurs. This kind of device helps the car user and maintenance person to be aware of the early knock symptoms.…”

Differential bees flux balance analysis with OptKnock for in silico microbial strains optimization by Choon, Yen Wen, Mohamad, Mohd. Saberi, Deris, Safaai, Md. Illias, Rosli, Chong, Chuii Khim, Chai, Lian En, Omatu, Sigeru, Corchado, Juan Manuel

“…In addition, DBFBA is integrated with OptKnock to validate the results for improving the reliability the work. …”
Get full text

Experimental study of the anti-knock efficiency of high-octane fuels in spark ignited aircraft engine using response surface methodology by Kumar, T., Mohsin, R., Majid, Z. A., Ghafir, M. F. A., Wash, A. M.

“…In this study, optimisation of the knock-limited performance of 83 leaded/unleaded/blends was carried out. …”

Application of artificial neural network to classify fuel octane number using essential engine operating parameters by Ghanaati, Ali

“…Real-time fuel octane number classification is essential to ensure that spark ignition engines operation are free of knock at best combustion efficiency. Combustion with knock is an abnormal phenomenon which constrains the engine performance, thermal efficiency and longevity. …”
Get full text

An enhancement of succinate production using a hybrid of bacterial foraging optimization algorithm by Siow, Shen Yee, Mohamad, Mohd. Saberi, Choon, Yee Wen, Remli, Muhammad Akmal, Abdul Majid, Hairudin

“…In-silico results showed that by knocking out genes identifed by BFODFBA, production rate of succinate is better as when compared to OptKnock and OptGene.…”

An enhancement of succinate production using a hybrid of bacterial foraging optimization algorithm by Siow, Shen Yee, Mohamad, Mohd. Saberi, Choon, Yee Wen, Remli, Muhammad Akmal, Abdul Majid, Hairudin

“…In-silico results showed that by knocking out genes identifed by BFODFBA, production rate of succinate is better as when compared to OptKnock and OptGene.…”

Identifying a gene knockout strategy using a hybrid of the bat algorithm and flux balance analysis to enhance the production of succinate and lactate in Escherichia coli by Pooi, San Chua, Mohamed Salleh, Abdul Hakim, Mohamad, Mohd. Saberi, Deris, Safaai, Omatu, Sigeru, Yoshioka, Michifumi

“…Some approaches, such as OptKnock and OptGene, are developed to enhance the production of desired metabolites. …”

Hybrid of ant colony optimization and flux variability analysis for improving metabolites production by Azhar, Amira Husna

“…Besides, suggested reactions to be knocked out for improving the production yield of L-Phenylalanine and biohydrogen have been identified and validated through the biological database. …”
Get full text

Hybrid of ant colony optimization and flux variability analysis for improving metabolities production by Azhar, Amira Husna

“…Besides, suggested reactions to be knocked out for improving the production yield of L-Phenylalanine and biohydrogen have been identified and validated through the biological database. …”
Get full text

A hybrid of bees algorithm and regulatory on/off minimization for optimizing lactate production by Yong, Mohd. Izzat, Mohamad, Mohd. Saberi, Choon, Yee Wen, Chan, Weng Howe, Adli, Hasyiya Karimah, Wan Salihin Wong, Khairul Nizar Syazwan, Yusoff, Nooraini, Remli, Muhammad Akmal

“…By using Eschericia coli (E. coli) as the model organism, BAROOM is able to determine the optimal set of gene that can be knocked out and improve lactate production. The results show that BAROOM performs better than other methods in increasing lactate production in model organism by identifying optimal set of genes to be knocked out.…”

A hybrid of bees algorithm and regulatory on/off minimization for optimizing lactate production by Yong, Mohd. Izzat, Mohamad, Mohd. Saberi, Choon, Yee Wen, Chan, Weng Howe, Adli, Hasyiya Karimah, Wan Salihin Wong, Khairul Nizar Syazwan, Yusoff, Nooraini, Remli, Muhammad Akmal

“…By using Eschericia coli (E. coli) as the model organism, BAROOM is able to determine the optimal set of gene that can be knocked out and improve lactate production. The results show that BAROOM performs better than other methods in increasing lactate production in model organism by identifying optimal set of genes to be knocked out.…”

Effect of turbine upstream geometry on pulsating flow and turbocharged si-engine performance. by Kim, Jeyoung, Chiong, Meng Soon, Rajoo, Srithar

“…The current research highlighted that the exhaust manifold volume is strongly associated with exhaust resistance, scavenging, pulsation, knocking, and fuel economy. By minimizing unnecessary volume in the exhaust manifold, it presents high potentials to improve low-speed torque (∼15 %), fuel consumption (∼2.4 %), brake thermal efficiency (∼1.4 %), scavenging and knock resistance against the baseline model.…”
Get full text

Enhanced dynamic flux variability analysis for improving growth and production rate in microbial strains by Khairil Anuar, Mohammad Fahmi Arieef

“…Suggested reactions to be knocked out to improve the production of succinate and lactate have been identified and validated through the biological database.…”
Get full text

Gene knockout identification for metabolite production improvement using a hybrid of genetic ant colony optimization and flux balance analysis by Mohamed Salleh, Abdul Hakim, Mohamad, Mohd. Saberi, Deris, Safaai, Omatu, Sigeru, Fdez-Riverola, Florentino, Corchado, Juan Manuel

“…By comparing with the results from existing method OptKnock as well as the conventional Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), the results show that our proposed hybrid algorithm able to identify the best set of genes and increase the production while maintaining the optimal growth rate…”

Evaluation of the main operating parameters of a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine for performance optimization by Mohebbi, M., Abdul Aziz, A., Hosseini, V., Ramzannezhad, M., Shafaghat, R.

“…At low speeds, exhaust gas recirculation retards combustion and delays engine knock. At higher engine speeds, the reformer gas advances combustion and improves misfiring.…”

Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement by Kumar, Thanikasalam, Mohsin, Rahmat, Abdul Ghafir, Mohammad Fahmi, Kumar, Ilanchelvi, Wash, Ananth Manickam

“…Tetraet hylead (TEL) is an additive in aviation gasoline (AVGAS) fuels to help suppress knock. Knock produces very high pressure inside the engine which can cause severe damage easily . …”

Measurement of vertical electric fields from lightning flashes using parallel plate antenna by Ibrahim, W. I., Ghazali, M. R., Ghani, S. A., Abdul Malek, Zulkurnain

“…Lightning strikes can kill people, knock out radio communication, electrical power devices, and destroy houses, trees as well as animals. …”

Comparison of air to air and air to water intercoolers in the cooling process of a turbocharger engine by Nasution, Henry, Abdul Aziz, Azhar, Abdul Latiff, Zulkarnain, Engkuah, Stannely

“…Compressed air from a turbocharger needs to be cooled down to prevent knocking inside the combustion chamber from occurring. …”
Get full text

Experimental study on the feasibility of detonation as the combustion mode for internal combustion engine by Hassan, Kamarul Arifin

“…Detonation as combustion mode in internal combustion engine is not feasible due to high rise in pressure in very short period of time that will give knock effect to the engine as well as DDT section that will take huge amount of space thus defeat the purpose of producing small yet powerful engine.…”

Flame imaging using laser-based transmission tomography by Mohamad, Elmy Johana, Abdul Rahim, Ruzairi, Ibrahim, Sallehuddin

“…Such a system can be employed to compare the effectiveness of different fuel additives and to monitor the onset of knock with various fuel formulations or cylinder head geometries. …”