Bulgaria’s Eu Accession: Between Ecclesiastical Concerns and the State’s Pro-Western Outlook by Miloš Petrović, Milan Veselica

“…Given the extensive reach of the Europeanization process affecting political, economic, and social dimensions and the historical influence of Orthodox churches on political decision-making and public opinion, the authors seek to explore the political ramifications of isolationist tendencies, internal divisions, and public perceptions, coupled with the ambivalence between political pro-Westernism (pro-Europeanism) and religious anti-Westernism. …”
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A representative dataset on Czech and Slovak pre-Russia–Ukraine-war attitudes to the West and to the Russian Federation by Jiří Čeněk, Marek Čejka, Vladimir Đorđević, Martin Hrabálek, Petra Mlejnková, Ondřej Mocek

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Strategiczne priorytety bezpieczeństwa Gruzji po konflikcie z Federacją Rosyjską w 2008 roku by Piotr Swoboda, Andrzej Dawidczyk

“…On the other hand, Georgia had to face the huge opposition from the Russian Federation that aimed to maintainits previous area of influence and oppose the pro-western development in the region of South Caucasus. …”
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The Impact of the Crisis in Ukraine in 2014 on Moldova, from the Perspective of a Historian by Paul D. Quinlan

“…By their actions and official statements, these parties have embarrassed and continue to embarrass the pro-European and pro-Western policies of Moldova.…”
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The Republic of Belarus: the Evolution of the Policy of Balancing between East and West by A. I. Suzdaltsev

“…The article is devoted to the analysis of one of the main causes of the Russian-Belarusian crisis of 2018-2019 -the Pro-Western vector of the Belarusian foreign policy. …”
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«Quando Portugal contou para a América». Os Estados Unidos e a transição democrática portuguesa by Tiago Moreira de Sá

“…The April 25 1974 military coup that ended nearly 50 years of dictatorship, inaugurated a regime transition in Portugal which was won by the forces that supported a pró-western representative democracy regime type.This article analyzes U.S. policy in the Portuguese events between 1974 and 1976, aiming to identify the mechanisms of influence favored by the Americans and their importance in the final result.…”
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2008 Georgian-Russian war by Kuster Matthias

“…These problems, as well as a strong pro-western course of Georgia under the guidance of President Micheil Saakaschwili, inevitably led to war with Russia.…”
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Fiji's vote for change by Schleich, Anne-Marie

“…The recent elections in Fiji resulted in the first democratic transition since 2014 after three opposition parties narrowly voted for a pro–western coalition government with Sitiveni Rabuka as the new prime minister. …”
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The structure of the Central Treaty Organization and its comparison with other military-political blocs by Nukhailawi, Abbas Walid Hasan

“…Created in 1955, the military-political bloc in the Near and Middle East, called the Central Treaty Organization (SENTO), had a pronounced pro-Western and anti-Soviet character. This article examines the organizational structure of the bloc, other regional military-political organizations created by Western countries in the 40s and 50s of the XX century.…”
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Dyskursy historyczne państw bałtyckich jako instrument ochrony młodych demokracji po rozpadzie ZSRR by Barbara Jundo-Kaliszewska

“… HISTORICAL DISCOURSES OF THE BALTIC STATES AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR THE PROTECTION OF YOUNG DEMOCRACIES AFTER THE COLLAPSE OF THE USSR: SELECTED ASPECTS The aim of the article is to discuss selected elements of the historical policy of the Baltic states, tracing the process of shaping their official historical discourse – from post-Soviet nationalist narratives and the glorification of interwar independence to the pro-Western freedom narrative. The starting point of the research is the hypothesis that the top-down memorisation processes of the Baltic states, the centre of which were anti-Sovietism and nationalism, were an effective instrument for protecting the young democratic systems in the Baltic Sea against both the neo-imperial attempts of Putin’s Russia and the autocratic inclinations characteristic of other countries created after the collapse of the USSR. …”
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Turkey and its Immediate Arab Neighbors in the Twenty-First Century by Ibrahim G. Aoudé

“…Turkey has chosen to ally itself with pro-Western regional states, namely Israel and Qatar, but not others, such as Egypt. …”
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THE RUSSO-UKRAINIAN WAR: WHAT DOES IT MEAN FOR RUSSIA, UKRAINE, AND THE WEST? by Ibrahim Muradov

“…The key points discussed were that Ukrainian society's push for a pro-Western policy has shaped its foreign relations, despite international reluctance to integrate Ukraine into Western structures; Ukraine's strong protest culture, especially in western regions, has significantly influenced its political direction and resistance to Russian dominance; and Ukraine developed a long-term strategy for economic, military and identity strengthening  and this long-term strategy precipitated the full-scale invasion and forced the Kremlin to act before the strategy was complete.   …”
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‘Polish Question’ in Lithuania and Problems of Polish-Lithuanian Relations at the Turn of the Century by Vadim I. Musaev

“…These contradictions are partly smoothed by common political interests: cooperation within the North Atlantic Alliance, defiance of the notorious ‘threat from the East’ and joint support for the pro-­Western opposition in the neighbouring Belarus. …”
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Islamist Populist Nation-Building: Gradual, Ad Hoc Islamisation of the Secular Education System in Turkey by Ihsan Yilmaz

“…The founders of the secular Turkish Republic, the Kemalists used secular nationalist education to build a secular Turkish nation and to create their own version of modern pro-Western secular Turkish citizens. This paper argues that Turkey’s current ruling party, the AKP (Justice and Development Party) has been using the same system of education to create its own desired citizens with Islamist Populist ideals. …”
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The April 2010 Russo-Ukrainian gas agreement and its implications for Europe by Pirani, S, Yafimava, K, Stern, J

“…The agreement came along with declarations from both sides that political and diplomatic relationships would improve after the departure of Yanukovich‟s predecessor Viktor Yushchenko, whose pronounced pro-western foreign policy, centred on NATO accession, was distrusted in Moscow. …”

Freedom and Plurality in Unity: The European Politics of Der Monat by Dana Steglich

“…But this forum was clearly only made up of pro-Western, anti-Communist voices. By analysing the American origins of the magazine, the interplay between German readers, and the international voices featured in Der Monat as well as the European politics of the editorial team and the way in which they were translated into editorial practices, this article aims to identify the concepts of ‘freedom’ and ‘plurality’ as central to Der Monat’s self-image, and to expose why the magazine’s opposition to the concept of ‘unity’ promoted by the Soviet Union can be seen as ironic.…”
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It’s geopolitics, stupid: explaining Russia’s Ukraine policy by Elias Götz

“…Instead, it puts forward a geopolitical explanation that emphasizes three factors: Ukraine’s geographic location; the EU’s increased activism in Eastern Europe; and the pro- western orientation of the new government in Kiev. …”
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THE DECLINE OF RUSSIA’S INFLUENCE IN THE POST-SOVIET REGION AND THE REASONS BEHIND IT by Oleg K. Petrovich-Belkin, Arkadiy A. Eremin, Svetlana A. Bokeriya

“…In reality, the foreign policy of CIS countries is based mostly on pragmatic economic interests capable of providing steady development, which makes implementation of such subjective terms as “pro-Russian” and “pro-Western” highly misleading and unproductive, especially in the current conditions of confrontation between Russia and the West.…”
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Rhetorical characteristics of Vladimir Putin's speeches at the announcement of military operations in Ukraine by Stanojević Dobrivoje Ž., Mirkov Lidija Ž.

“…The perspective of the Russian side which could not be seen in the pro-Western media is also given here. It sets up a euphemistic reinterpretation of the events eristically presented in the foreign media as an invasion, an aggression, a war conflict and an attack.…”
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Karel Čapek i „renesansa“ češke kriminalističke proze 1958 – 1969. by Matija Ivačić

“…In addition to that, works of Czech literary classic writer Karel Čapek carried imense importance in the process of affirmation of crime fiction in the period 1958-1969, which can also be seen in the works of writers and literary critics of liberal (pro-western) orientation. This article analyzes Čapek's contribution to the “Rennaissance” of Czech crime fiction on two different levels. …”
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