Relationships Between the Built Environment and Walking and Weight Status Among Older Women in Three U.S. States by Troped, Philip J., Starnes, Heather A., Puett, Robin C., Tamura, Kosuke, Cromley, Ellen K., James, Peter, Ben-Joseph, Eran, Melly, Steven J., Laden, Francine

“…Differences in associations by population density and state were explored in stratified models. …”
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Feedback between Population and Evolutionary Dynamics Determines the Fate of Social Microbial Populations by Sanchez, Alvaro, Gore, Jeff

“…At the same time, the relative fitness of cooperative traits often depends upon population density, thus leading to the potential for bi-directional coupling between population density and the evolution of a cooperative trait. …”
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Eliminating Last-Mile Inefficiencies in the Trucking Industry by From, Kristian, Mangan, Katharina

“…The parameters identified as having the biggest impact on stop time duration are: volume delivered, population density, quantity pieces delivered, stop number, time of day, and peak day. …”
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Drag, turbulence, and diffusion in flow through emergent vegetation by Nepf, Heidi

“…In addition, this work extends the cylinder-based model for vegetative resistance by including the dependence of the drag coefficient, CD, on the stem population density, and introduces the importance of mechanical diffusion in vegetated flows.…”
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Cities Are Physical Too: Using Computer Vision to Measure the Quality and Impact of Urban Appearance by Naik, Nikhil Deepak, Raskar, Ramesh, Hidalgo Ramaciotti, Cesar A.

“…Using Streetscore to evaluate 19 American cities, we find that the average perceived safety has a strong positive correlation with population density and household income; and the variation in perceived safety has a strong positive correlation with income inequality.…”
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The impact of high-speed rail and low-cost carriers on European air passenger traffic by Clewlow, Regina R., Sussman, Joseph M., Balakrishnan, Hamsa

“…This paper presents an empirical, econometric analysis of air travel demand in Europe, utilizing an expanded data set to explore: 1) the impact of rail travel times, population density, and market characteristics on air tra c; and 2) the impact of high-speed rail and low-cost-carriers on system-wide air traffic. …”
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Resilience of bacterial quorum sensing against fluid flow by Emge, Philippe, Moeller, Jens, Stocker, Roman, Vogel, Viola, Jang, Hongchul, Rusconi, Roberto, Yawata, Yutaka

“…Quorum sensing (QS) is a population-density dependent chemical process that enables bacteria to communicate based on the production, secretion and sensing of small inducer molecules. …”
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Competition between species can stabilize public-goods cooperation within a species by Celiker, Hasan, Gore, Jeff

“…Bacterial competition stabilizes cooperation within yeast by limiting the yeast population density and also by depleting the public goods produced by cooperating yeast cells. …”
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Safety Considerations for Operation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in the National Airspace System by Weibel, Roland E, Hansman, R. John

“…The variation of expected level of safety was determined based on vehicle characteristics and population density for the ground impact hazard, and traffic density for midair collisions. …”
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Urban characteristics attributable to density-driven tie formation by Pan, Wei, Ghoshal, Gourab, Cebrian, Manuel, Pentland, Alex Paul, Krumme, Katherine Ann

“…Motivated by empirical evidence on the interplay between geography, population density and societal interaction, we propose a generative process for the evolution of social structure in cities. …”
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The impact of high-speed rail and low-cost carriers on European air passenger traffic by Clewlow, Regina Ruby Lee, Sussman, Joseph M, Balakrishnan, Hamsa

“…This paper presents an empirical, econometric analysis of air travel demand in Europe, utilizing an expanded data set to explore: (1) the impact of rail travel times, population density, and market characteristics on air traffic; and (2) the impact of high-speed rail and low-cost-carriers on system-wide air traffic. …”
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Low-frequency target strength and abundance of shoaling Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in the Gulf of Maine during the Ocean Acoustic Waveguide Remote Sensing 2006 Experiment by Gong, Zheng, Andrews, Mark, Jagannathan, Srinivasan, Patel, Ruben, Jech, J. Michael, Makris, Nicholas, Ratilal, Purnima

“…The low-frequency target strength of shoaling Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in the Gulf of Maine during Autumn 2006 spawning season is estimated from experimental data acquired simultaneously at multiple frequencies in the 300–1200Hz range using (1) a low-frequency ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing (OAWRS) system, (2) areal population density calibration with several conventional fish finding sonar (CFFS) systems, and (3) low-frequency transmission loss measurements. …”
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The Murchison Widefield Array: Design Overview by Lonsdale, Colin John, Cappallo, Roger J., Morales, Miguel F., Benkevitch, Leonid, Bowman, Judd D., Corey, Brian E., Doeleman, Sheperd Samuel, Derome, Mark F., Hewitt, Jacqueline N., Kincaid, Barton B., Kratzenberg, Eric W., Matejek, Michael Scott, Morgan, Edward H., Oberoi, Divya, Rogers, Alan E. E., Salah, Joseph E., Whitney, Alan R., Williams, Christopher Leigh

“…This region is characterized by extremely low population density and a superbly radio-quiet environment, allowing full exploitation of the instrumental capabilities.…”
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Feasibility of Ocean Acoustic Waveguide Remote Sensing (OAWRS) of Atlantic Cod with Seafloor Scattering Limitations by Ignisca, Anamaria, Ratilal, Purnima, Makris, Nicholas, Jain, Ankita Deepak, Yi, Dong Hoon

“…The ratio of the intensity of scattered returns from fish versus the seafloor in any resolution cell typically determines the maximum fish detection range of OAWRS, which then is a function of fish population density, scattering amplitude and depth distribution, as well as the level of seafloor scattering. …”
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Synchronized cycles of bacterial lysis for in vivo delivery by Din, M. Omar, Prindle, Arthur, Selimkhanov, Jangir, Julio, Ellixis, Tsimring, Lev S., Hasty, Jeff, Danino, Tal, Skalak, Matthew T., Allen, Kaitlin N., Atolia, Eta, Bhatia, Sangeeta N

“…Here, we engineer a clinically relevant bacterium to lyse synchronously at a threshold population density and to release genetically encoded cargo. …”
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Influence of air quality model resolution on uncertainty associated with health impacts by Thompson, Tammy M., Selin, Noelle Eckley

“…We suggest that 12 km resolution may be appropriate for uncertainty analyses of health impacts due to ozone control scenarios, in areas with similar chemistry, meteorology and population density, but that resolution requirements should be assessed on a case-by-case basis and revised as confidence intervals for concentration-response functions are updated.…”
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Global Mortality Attributable to Aircraft Cruise Emissions by Barrett, Steven R. H., Britter, Rex E., Waitz, Ian A.

“…For example, we describe how strong zonal westerly winds aloft, the mean meridional circulation around 30−60°N, interaction of aircraft-attributable aerosol precursors with background ammonia, and high population densities in combination give rise to an estimated ~3500 premature mortalities per year in China and India combined, despite their relatively small current share of aircraft emissions. …”
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