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Global emissions of refrigerants HCFC-22 and HFC-134a: Unforeseen seasonal contributions
Published 2015“…Possible mechanisms enhancing refrigerant losses in summer are (i) higher vapor pressure in the sealed compartment of the system at summer high temperatures and (ii) more frequent use and service of refrigerators and air conditioners in summer months. …”
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Heat conduction in the cable insulation of force-cooled underground electrical power transmission systems
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Electro-luminescent cooling: light emitting diodes above unity efficiency
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Energy effectiveness of simultaneous heat and mass exchange devices
Published 2011“…Simultaneous heat and mass exchange devices such as cooling towers, humidifiers and dehumidifiers are widely used in the power generation, desalination, air conditioning, and refrigeration industries. For design and rating of these components it is useful to define their performance by an effectiveness. …”
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Heat meets light on the nanoscale
Published 2017“…The topics covered range from the basics of the thermodynamics of light emission and absorption to applications in solar thermal energy generation, thermophotovoltaics, optical refrigeration, personalized cooling technologies, development of coherent incandescent light sources, and spinoptics.…”
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Portable, On-Demand Biomolecular Manufacturing
Published 2017“…However, the need for specialized equipment and refrigeration for production and distribution poses a challenge for the delivery of these technologies to the field and to low-resource areas. …”
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A Park transform-based method for condition monitoring of three-phase electromechanical systems
Published 2012“…Experimental results are presented that illustrate the method's effectiveness for identifying changes in the mechanical load on a 3/4 HP refrigeration compressor.…”
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Rapid and Robust Detection Methods for Poison and Microbial Contamination
Published 2013“…Our chemistry is stable to ±1% for >3 weeks without refrigeration, and measurements require <5 min.…”
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Local energy management through mathematical modeling and optimization
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Perfluorocarbons in the global atmosphere: tetrafluoromethane, hexafluoroethane, and octafluoropropane
Published 2011“…Anthropogenic sources are thought to be primary aluminum production (CF4, C2F6, C3F8), semiconductor production (C2F6, CF4, C3F8) and refrigeration use (C3F8). Global emissions calculated with the AGAGE 2-D 12-box model are significantly higher than most previous emission estimates. …”
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HFC-23 (CHF3) emission trend response to HCFC-22 (CHClF2) production and recent HFC-23 emission abatement measures
Published 2011“…HCFC-22, an ozone depleting substance (ODS), is used extensively in commercial refrigeration and air conditioning, in the extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam industries (dispersive applications) and also as a feedstock in fluoropolymer manufacture (a non-dispersive use). …”
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Collision-free state estimation
Published 2014“…For example, for objects within a refrigerator, they cannot interpenetrate each other or the refrigerator walls. …”
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Appliance remanufacturing and life cycle energy and economic savings
Published 2012“…The appliances presented in this report constitute major residential appliances: refrigerator, dishwasher, and clothes washer. The results show that, despite savings achieved in production, appliance remanufacturing is a net energy-expending end-of-life alternative. …”
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An Effectiveness--Number of Transfer Units Relationship for Evaporators With Non-negligible Boiling Point Elevation Increases
Published 2016“…The model is applicable to evaporators driven by an isothermal stream (e.g., steam-driven or refrigerant-driven) in parallel flow, counterflow, and crossflow configurations where the evaporating stream is mixed. …”
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Phonon Quasidiffusion in Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Large Germanium Detectors
Published 2013“…We present results on quasidi usion studies in large, 3 inch diameter, 1 inch thick [100] high purity germanium crystals, cooled to 50 mK in the vacuum of a dilution refrigerator, and exposed with 59.5 keV gamma-rays from an Am-241 calibration source. …”
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Hypothesizing Device Mechanisms: Opening Up the Black Box
Published 2004“…An implemented causal modelling system called JACK constructs explanations for why a second piece of toast comes out lighter, why the slide in a tire gauge does not slip back inside when the gauge is removed from the tire, and how in a refrigerator a single substance can serve as a heat sink for the interior and a heat source for the exterior. …”
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Heat Transfer in Thermoelectric Materials and Devices
Published 2014“…Solid-state thermoelectric devices are currently used in applications ranging from thermocouple sensors to power generators in space missions, to portable air-conditioners and refrigerators. With the ever-rising demand throughout the world for energy consumption and CO[subscript 2] reduction, thermoelectric energy conversion has been receiving intensified attention as a potential candidate for waste-heat harvesting as well as for power generation from renewable sources. …”
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Empirical Modeling of a Rolling-Piston Compressor Heat Pump for Predictive Control in Low-Lift Cooling
Published 2013“…This is illustrated in Figure 1, which shows conventional and low-lift vapor compression cycles for refrigerant R22. A cycle with a lower condensing temperature, higher evaporating temperature, and/or slower compressor speed (the low-lift cycle) can achieve a similar (or even greater) cooling effect (the area below the evaporation process line) to that of the conventional cycle (the area inside the cycle polygon) with less compressor work. …”
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