The Role of Chance in Explanation by Skow, Bradford

“…‘Those ice cubes melted because by melting total entropy increased and entropy increase has a very high objective chance.’ …”
Get full text
Get full text

Decentralized chance-constrained finite-horizon by Williams, Brian Charles, Ono, Masahiro

“…This paper considers finite-horizon optimal control for multi-agent systems subject to additive Gaussian-distributed stochastic disturbance and a chance constraint. The problem is particularly difficult when agents are coupled through a joint chance constraint, which limits the probability of constraint violation by any of the agents in the system. …”
Get full text
Get full text

Toward a List of Molecules as Potential Biosignature Gases for the Search for Life on Exoplanets and Applications to Terrestrial Biochemistry by Seager, Sara, Bains, William, Petkowski, Janusz Jurand

“…Even more highly anticipated is the chance to find signs of life on these habitable planets by way of biosignature gases. …”
Get full text
Get full text

Shale oil : potential economies of large-scale production, preliminary phase by Weiss, Malcolm A., Ball, Benjamin Calhoun, Barbera, Robert J.

“…In this preliminary phase of the study, we collected published data on the costs of present shale oil technology and adjusted them to common conditions; these data were assembled to help identify the best targets for cost reduction through improved large-scale technology They show that the total cost of producing upgraded shale oil (i.e. shale oil accpetable as a feed to a petroleum refinery) by surface retorting ranges from about $18 to $28/barrel in late '78 dollars with a 20% chance that the costs would be lower than and 20% higher than that range. …”
Get full text

Quantification of excess risk for diabetes for those born in times of hunger, in an entire population of a nation, across a century by Szell, Michael, Thurner, Stefan, Klimek, Peter, Duftschmid, Georg, Endel, Gottfried, Kautzky-Willer, Alexandra, Kasper, David C.

“…We studied the percentage of all diabetes patients in the total population specifically for each year of birth, from 1917 to 2007. …”
Get full text

Volcanic Radiative Forcing From 1979 to 2015 by Schmidt, Anja, Mills, Michael J., Ghan, Steven, Gregory, Jonathan M., Allan, Richard P., Andrews, Timothy, Bardeen, Charles G., Conley, Andrew, Forster, Piers M., Gettelman, Andrew, Portmann, Robert W., Solomon, Susan, Toon, Owen B.

“…Not all of these eruptions affect the stratospheric aerosol budget, but those that do increase the nonvolcanic background SAOD by ~0.004 on average, contributing ~50% to the total SAOD in the absence of large‐magnitude eruptions. …”
Get full text

H I observations of the asymptotic giant branch star X Herculis: Discovery of an extended circumstellar wake superposed on a compact high-velocity cloud by Libert, Y., Gerard, E., Le Bertre, T., Johnson, M. C., Dame, T. M., Matthews, Lynn D.

“…We have unambiguously detected H I emission associated with the circumstellar envelope of the star, with a mass totaling M[subscript H I] ≈ 2.1 × 10[superscript –3] M[subscript ☉]. …”
Get full text

A CATALOG OF X-RAY POINT SOURCES FROM TWO MEGASECONDS OF CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS OF THE GALACTIC CENTER by Muno, Michael P., Bauer, Franz E., Bandyopadhyay, R. M., Bower, Geoffrey C., Brandt, W. N., Broos, P. S., Cotera, A., Eikenberry, S. S., Garmire, Gordon P., Hyman, S. D., Kassim, N. E., Lang, C. C., Lazio, T. Joseph W., Law, J. C., Mauerhan, Jon C., Morris, M. R., Nagata, T., Nishiyama, S., Park, S., Ramìrez, S. V., Stolovy, S. R., Wijnands, R., Wang, Q. D., Wang, Z., Yusef-Zadeh, F., Baganoff, Frederick K

“…We also find one source, CXOUGC J174622.7 − 285218, with a periodic 1745 s signal (1.4% chance probability), which is probably a magnetically accreting cataclysmic variable. …”
Get full text