Maslahah and its Application in Islamic Finance by Mohd Zameri, Sarah Nursaadah, Syed Alwi, Sharifah Faigah, Mohammad Hatta, Mohammad Firdaus, Saiful Fikri, Aula Ahmad Hafidh

“…Additional collateral is required, based on the principles of usul fiqh, for the renewal of mudarabah transactions. On the other hand, ta’widh and gharamah are introduced by Islamic banks to safeguard the interests of both banks and the customers. …”
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Systematic Literature Review: Lean Ergonomics Analysis in Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Manufacturing Sector by Mohd Aripin, Norhana, Mahmud, Fatimah, Loon, Lee Khai, Hussain, Suhaidah

“…The findings reveal several key points: (1) SMEs commonly implement ergonomics principles addressing awkward postures, repetitive movements, manual material handling, hand-wrist postures, excessive reach, grip strength, and prolonged standing; (2) Lean principles such as SMED, 5S, standardized work, TPM, VSM, and kanban positively impact ergonomics; (3) Various ergonomics assessment methods, including REBA, RULA, HFE, JSI, KIM, OCRA, and Shoaf’s model, are recommended for future research and practical application; (4) Ergonomics can underpin lean transformation efforts, with Lean Manufacturing (LM) contributing to reduced ergonomics risks. …”
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Visible light communication systems supporting wireless data access and indoor positioning applications by Yang, Helin

“…On the other hand, VLP can provide high-accuracy positioning performance compared with RF based indoor positioning systems. …”
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Semantic-based vulnerability analysis of software by Li, Yuekang

“…On the other hand, these techniques may be used by malicious users to hunt vulnerabilities and build exploits for commercial-off-the-shelf-software (COTS). …”
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Towards practical data-driven predictive maintenance: a robust and generalizable deep learning approach by Mohamed Ragab Mohamad Adam

“…These constraints can significantly hinder the deep learning applicability to real-world environments. On the one hand, data labeling and annotation can be very laborious tasks, especially for sensor data that encompass complex underlying patterns. …”
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Enhancing network access for highly mobile nodes by Xia, Yang

“…Mobile nodes can form Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) on demand and communicate among themselves without infrastructure support. On the other hand, they can also exchange information with the surrounding network infrastructure while moving. …”
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An experimental investigation into mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid woven rattan/glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites by Irawan, Agustinus Purna, Anggarina, Paula Tjatoerwidya, Utama, Didi Widya, Najid, Najid, Mohd Zulkifly, Abdullah, Siregar, Januar Parlaungan, Cionita, Tezara, Fitriyana, Deni Fajar, Jamiluddin, Jaafar, Hadi, Agung Efriyo, Rihayat, Teuku

“…Other than that, the impact of layering configurations with respect to the thermal and mechanical characteristics of the RS and GF will be determined. Hand lay-up and a hydraulic press machine produce hybrid, woven RS and GF laminates. …”
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Advancements in sustainable material development: A comprehensive review of coir fiber and its composites by Imran, Al Ichlas, Siregar, Januar Parlaungan, Cionita, Tezara, Hadi, Agung Efriyo, Setiyo, Muji, Mohd Ruzaimi, Mat Rejab, Jamiluddin, Jaafar, Fitriyana, Deni Fajar, Dewi, Rozanna

“…The study involves a comprehensive review of current literature, examining the methodologies including extraction techniques, surface modifications, and manufacturing processes like hand layup, casting, compression molding, hot pressing, and injection molding. …”
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Deep reinforcement learning for adaptive mesh refinement by Foucart, Corbin, Charous, Aaron, Lermusiaux, Pierre F.J.

“…The training process does not require an exact solution or a high-fidelity ground truth to the partial differential equation at hand, nor does it require a pre-computed training dataset. …”
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The rheology of saltwater taffy by Chan, San To, Haward, Simon J., Fried, Eliot, McKinley, Gareth H.

“…Guided by this principle, we hand-pull lab-made model taffies successfully reproducing the rheology of commercial taffy.…”
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ViObject: Harness Passive Vibrations for Daily Object Recognition with Commodity Smartwatches by Chen, Wenqiang, Lin, Shupei, Peng, Zhencan, Parizi, Farshid Salemi, Heo, Seongkook, Patel, Shwetak, Matusik, Wojciech, Zhao, Wei, Stankovic, John

“…Knowing the object grabbed by a hand can offer essential contextual information for interaction between the human and the physical world. …”
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A Verified Compiler for a Functional Tensor Language by Liu, Amanda, Bernstein, Gilbert, Chlipala, Adam, Ragan-Kelley, Jonathan

“…Reshape operators are a unique functional-programming construct since they manipulate storage location in the generated code by modifying the indices that appear on the left-hand sides of storage expressions. We present a formal correctness proof for an implementation of the compilation algorithm, marking the first verification of a lowering algorithm targeting imperative loop nests from a source functional language that enables separate control of compute and storage ordering. …”
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Probabilistic Programming with Programmable Variational Inference by Becker, McCoy R., Lew, Alexander K., Wang, Xiaoyan, Ghavami, Matin, Huot, Mathieu, Rinard, Martin C., Mansinghka, Vikash K.

“…We implement our approach in an extension to the Gen probabilistic programming system (genjax.vi, implemented in JAX), and evaluate our automation on several deep generative modeling tasks, showing minimal performance overhead vs. hand-coded implementations and performance competitive to well-established open-source PPLs.…”
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When is it acceptable to break the rules? Knowledge representation of moral judgements based on empirical data by Awad, Edmond, Levine, Sydney, Loreggia, Andrea, Mattei, Nicholas, Rahwan, Iyad, Rossi, Francesca, Talamadupula, Kartik, Tenenbaum, Joshua, Kleiman-Weiner, Max

“…If these constraints are too rigid, they can preclude actions that are actually acceptable in certain, contextual situations. Humans, on the other hand, can often decide when a simple and seemingly inflexible rule should actually be overridden based on the context. …”
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Do behavioral drivers matter for healthcare decision-making during crises? A study of low-income women in El Salvador during the COVID-19 pandemic by Lara, Pedro B., Daga, Giuliana, Kossuth, Lajos, Boo, Florencia L.

“…For instance, a one standard deviation increase in locus of control is associated with a 10% increase in an index measuring the use of masks, distancing, hand washing, and vaccination. Locus of control was also associated with women’s use of preventive health services (one standard deviation improves the likelihood of having a hypertension test in the last six months by 5.8 percentage points). …”
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Parametric PAINTOVER: Generating Design Models via Image Encoders and Latent Trajectories by Tas, Demircan

“…Parametric design is a prominent paradigm in design and architecture where hand crafted functions map input parameters to a design space to rapidly generate samples. …”
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Modeling tendon-sheath mechanism with flexible configurations for robot control by Wang, Zheng, Sun, Zhenglong, Phee, Soo Jay

“…Having both compactness and high force capability makes it very attractive for manipulation devices. On the other hand, the friction attenuation of tendon tension is nonlinear and configuration-dependent due to tendon/sheath interactions throughout the transmission path. …”
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Quadratic to linear magnetoresistance tuning in TmB 4 by Mitra, Sreemanta, Kang, Jeremy Goh Swee, Shin, John, Ng, Jin Quan, Sunku, Sai Swaroop, Kong, Tai, Canfield, Paul C., Shastry, B. Sriram, Sengupta, Pinaki, Panagopoulos, Christos

“…In good metals, Boltzmann's theory predicts a quadratic growth in magnetoresistance (MR) at low B and saturation at high fields. On the other hand, a number of nonmagnetic materials with weak electronic correlation and low carrier concentration for metallicity, such as inhomogeneous conductors, semimetals, narrow gap semiconductors and topological insulators, and two dimensional electron gas, show positive, nonsaturating linear magnetoresistance (LMR). …”
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A thermal resilient integration of many-core microprocessors and main memory by 2.5D TSI I/Os by Wu, Sih-Sian, Wang, Kanwen, Manoj P. D, Sai, Ho, Tsung-Yi, Yu, Mingbin, Yu, Hao

“…The memory-logic integration by 3D RC-interconnected TSV I/Os can result in thermal runaway failures due to strong electrical-thermal couplings. On the other hand, the one by 2.5D transmission-line-interconnected TSI I/Os has shown almost the same energy efficiency and better thermal resilience.…”
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Understanding critical variables contributing to competitive advantages of international high-speed railway contractors by Niu, Yanliang, Deng, Xiaopeng, Zhang, Limao, Duan, Xiaochen

“…Furthermore, a case study of the Early Train Operator project of the California HSR was carried out by the survey, interview, and first-hand data. The results indicated that the top six ranked variables are (1) None Accident History, (2) Eligibility & International Criteria, (3) Contract Reputation, (4) Marketing Strategy, (5) Risk Management Capability, and (6) Technical Responsiveness. …”
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