Predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors associated with opioid addiction helping behaviour in tri-state Appalachian counties: application of the PRECEDE–PROCEED model–cross-... by Richard W Kim, Manoj Sharma, Robert E Davis, Amanda H Wilkerson, Philip M Stephens, Deepak Bhati, Vinayak K Nahar

“…Objectives The overdose epidemic was designated a ‘Public Health Emergency’ in the USA on 26 October 2017, bringing attention to the severity of this public health problem. The Appalachian region remains substantially impacted by the effects from years of overprescription of opioids, and subsequently opioid non-medical use and addiction. …”
Get full text

Characterization and Toxicity Analysis of Lab-Created Respirable Coal Mine Dust from the Appalachians and Rocky Mountains Regions by Vanessa Salinas, Milton Das, Quiteria Jacquez, Alexandra Camacho, Katherine Zychowski, Mark Hovingh, Alexander Medina, Gayan Rubasinghege, Mohammad Rezaee, Jonas Baltrusaitis, Neal Fairley, Pedram Roghanchi

“…Finer particle sizes and higher mineral and elemental contents were found in samples from the Appalachian regions. Si, Al, Fe, Cu, Sr, and Pb were found in dissolution experiments, but no trends were found indicating higher dissolutions in the Appalachian region. …”
Get full text

Estimation of Runoff and Sediment Yield in Response to Temporal Land Cover Change in Kentucky, USA by Smriti Kandel, Buddhi Gyawali, Sandesh Shrestha, Demetrio Zourarakis, George Antonious, Maheteme Gebremedhin, Bijay Pokhrel

“…Land cover change is prevalent in the eastern Kentucky Appalachian region, mainly due to increased surface mining activities. …”
Get full text

Using the Forestry Reclamation Approach for Reclaimed Surface Mineland in the Western Gulf: Effects on <i>Pinus taeda</i> Seedling Growth and Survival by Cassie Phillips, Jeremy Stovall, Hans Williams, Kenneth Farrish

“…The Forestry Reclamation Approach (FRA) was developed to improve forest health in the Appalachian region through a five-step process that minimizes soil compaction and establishes a productive forest. …”
Get full text

Defining hydroclimatic regions using daily rainfall characteristics in the southern Appalachian Mountains by Johnathan W. Sugg, Charles E. Konrad

“…This paper addresses warm season hydroclimatic variability in the southern Appalachian region of the southeastern U.S., where precipitation can vary as much as 127 mm or more, with maximum seasonal totals exceeding 736 mm in extreme cases. …”
Get full text

Long-Term Projection of Species-Specific Responses to Chronic Additions of Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Lime by Alexander Storm, Mary Beth Adams, Jamie Schuler

“…Elevated acid deposition has been a concern in the central Appalachian region for decades. A long-term acidification experiment on the Fernow Experimental Forest in central West Virginia was initiated in 1996 and continues to this day. …”
Get full text

Meaning and Memory by Scott Sikes

“…Initiated in the 1970’s, the Appalachian Oral History Project contains thousands of oral histories collected from residents of the Central Appalachian region. A significant portion of these oral histories were conducted with Black residents of the region, thus serving as a repository of voices long left unheard in the dominant historical narrative. …”
Get full text

The Prediapause Stage of <i>Aedes japonicus japonicus</i> and the Evolution of Embryonic Diapause in Aedini by Jake Bova, John Soghigian, Sally Paulson

“…Embryonic diapause is used by <i>Ae. j. japonicus</i> to survive temperate winters, and the persistence of this species in the Appalachian region is a result of overwintering, which has important implications for the transmission of this virus to humans. …”
Get full text

Life after stroke in Appalachia by Laurie Theeke, PhD, A. Noelle Lucke-Wold, Jennifer Mallow, PhD, Patricia Horstman, MSN RN

“…Methods: This qualitative phenomenological study includes a sample of 6 adult survivors of ischemic stroke who were discharged from either a community or university hospital to home in the Appalachian region. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, transcribed, and analyzed thematically by two investigators. …”
Get full text

A revision of the wilsoni species group in the millipede genus Nannaria Chamberlin, 1918 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae) by Derek A. Hennen, Jackson C. Means, Paul E. Marek

“…The wilsoni species group is restricted to the Appalachian region, unlike the widely-distributed minor species group (known throughout eastern North America), and has a distinct gap in its distribution in northeastern Tennessee and adjacent northwestern North Carolina. …”
Get full text

Scenarios of Health Engagement Experiences and Health Justice in Rural Libraries by Bharat Mehra, Everette Scott Sikes, Vandana Singh

“…The research forms part of a planning grant entitled “Assessment of Rural Library Professionals’ Role in Community Engagement in the Southern and Central Appalachian Region: Mobilization from Change Agents to Community Anchors (CA2CA@SCA-RL)” awarded by the Institute of Museum and Library Services to the University of Tennessee, sub-contracted to the University of Alabama this year (July 2017 – June 2019). …”
Get full text

Social Determinants and Health Disparities Pertaining to Diabetes in Appalachia by Samuel Borgemenke, Allyson S. Hughes

“…Improving access to healthcare services in the Appalachian region is paramount to ensure equitable healthcare and enhance the overall health outcomes of affected communities.…”
Get full text

The Role of Regional Ecological Assessment in Quantifying Ecosystem Services for Forest Management by Lars Y. Pomara, Danny C. Lee

“…We undertook a review of regional ecological assessments in the Appalachian region of the United States to examine how forest-based ecosystem services, forest ecosystem processes, and their linkages are quantified. …”
Get full text

Surface Coal Mine Soils: Evidence for Chronosequence Development by Kyle E. Smart, David M. Singer

“…Anthropogenic changes to soil properties and development can dominate soil systems, particularly in coal mining-impacted landscapes of the Appalachian region of the United States. Historical mining operations deposited spoils which are developing into mine soils in chronosequences, allowing for a correlation between emplacement age and rates of change in soil properties. …”
Get full text

Blue hydrogen must be done properly by Jostein Pettersen, Rosetta Steeneveldt, David Grainger, Tyler Scott, Louise‐Marie Holst, Espen Steinseth Hamborg

“…Some data related to potential blue hydrogen production in the US Appalachian region are also given. The data show that the properly designed and operated value chains for blue hydrogen supply, with minimal emissions from natural gas supply and high carbon capture in hydrogen production, will give a major reduction in GHG emissions from energy end‐use. …”
Get full text

Aligning an emergency department hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus testing quality improvement initiative with universal screening recommendations by Barbra Cave, Kimberly Laun, Brianna Sheahan, Ashlee Melendez, Adam Ross

“…Abstract Objective The interactions among hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the ongoing injection drug epidemic have created a syndemic that significantly affects the Appalachian region of the United States. The purpose of this work is to describe a successful Kentucky program that aimed to increase HCV and HIV testing for people visiting an urban emergency department (ED) who were screened, diagnosed, and linked to care after diagnosis with special consideration for substance use disorder. …”
Get full text

A Case of Human Trafficking in Appalachia and What Emergency Physicians Can Learn from It by Kelli L. Jarrell, Christa Pulvino, Alexis Kimmel, Bailee Stark, Harmanjit Khokhar, Laura Janneck, Sally A. Santen

“…While this case illustrates unique features of human trafficking in the Appalachian region, many of these themes are common to rural areas across the US. …”
Get full text

Risk factors and geographic disparities in premature cardiovascular mortality in US counties: a machine learning approach by Weichuan Dong, Issam Motairek, Khurram Nasir, Zhuo Chen, Uriel Kim, Yassin Khalifa, Darcy Freedman, Stephanie Griggs, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Sadeer G. Al-Kindi

“…These high-risk phenotypes were mostly concentrated in the Black Belt of the American South and the Appalachian region. The random forest analysis identified additional important risk factors associated with PCVM, including broadband access, smoking, receipt of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits, and educational attainment. …”
Get full text

Ironic effects of political ideology and increased risk-taking in Ohio drivers during COVID-19 shutdown. by Mason Alexander Shihab, Brittany Shoots-Reinhard

“…In addition, county-level support for President Trump indirectly predicted greater rates of crashes (of all types) via increased travel (i.e., lower compliance with the shutdown), even while controlling for county-level income, rurality, and Appalachian region. Importantly, this mediated effect was stronger during the weeks of the shutdown, when greater travel indicated lower compliance. …”
Get full text

First occurrence of the enigmatic peccaries Mylohyus elmorei and Prosthennops serus from the Appalachians: latest Hemphillian to Early Blancan of Gray Fossil Site, Tennessee by Evan M. Doughty, Steven C. Wallace, Blaine W. Schubert, Lauren M. Lyon

“…The GFS represents the only site outside the Palmetto Fauna of Florida with M. elmorei, greatly expanding the species range north over 920 km, well into the Appalachian region. This is also the first Appalachian occurrence of the relatively widespread P. serus. …”
Get full text