Analysis of the stability control of the car with the admission to the infrastructure by T. A. Antropova, M. I. Glushko

“…The con-increasing the axle load on the rails for freight rolling stock and further increasing the speed of the passenger trains. …”
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INVESTIGATION NUMERICAL BEHAVIOR STATIC AND DYNAMIC EMBANKMENTS OF RAILWAY CONSTRUCTED BY GEOFOAM by M. Esmaeili, V. Khalilian

“…To this end, with developing behavior model (hardening) specially geofoam material in finite difference software in FLAC2D, to investigated behavior of this material on ballast Railway embankment effected by static loading model of LM71and also Harmonic dynamic loading and as index out put, stability of embankment with difference heights and also the counter of their settlement is investigated, in additional to, by out puts from numerical model, using multivariable regression, the relation closed form analysis between settlement of static and dynamic with ductility, cohesion of ground, and ductility of geofoam parameters, embankment height and train axle load is derived. At final part, as for as the limitation in general settlement in rail way embankment, usage allowable domain of this material is drived.…”
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Analytical and Measured Effects of Short and Heavy Rail Cars on Railway Bridges in the USA by Anna M. Rakoczy, Duane E. Otter, Stephen M. Dick

“…The overall number of railcars recorded in the North American railcar fleet from 2010 to 2015 increased about 5%; the number of all 130 tonne (286,000 lb) gross weight railcars (heavy axle load (HAL) railcars) increased 19%. The increase in shipments in short railcars increases the loading on railway bridges, especially the 12.8-m railcars, commonly used to ship sand and cement, which is approximately a 25% increase in load per unit length compared to 16.2-m coal cars. …”
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Effect of Foundation Geometry and Structural Properties of Buildings on Railway-Induced Vibration: An Experimental Modeling by Mehrad Mousavi-Rahimi, Jabbar Ali Zakeri, Morteza Esmaeili

“…The experimental results obtained from the impulse loading exciting the frequency range of 0–156 Hz and scaled train axle load show that the vibration level transmitted to the floors in a structure with mat foundation is the smallest. …”
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A review on the application of bio-oil as an additive for asphalt by Abdul Raman, Noor Azah, Hainin, Mohd. Rosli, Abdul Hassan, Norhidayah, Ani, Farid Nasir

“…Increasing numbers of commercial vehicles and increase axle load that this trend will continue yearly. Design, construction and maintenance facilitate asphalt roads to provide the high standards of safety and comfortable but certain areas of a road are higher stressed than others. …”
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More on the Development of Rigidity Evaluation Techniques of Freight Car Structures and Their Components in the Design and on Trials. Adjustment of Design Loads by V. S. Plotkin, A. M. Krasnobaev, T. Ye. Kon’Kova, Krasnobaev

“…Underframe bolster ends of freight cars intended for transportation by ferry ought to be additionally equipped with two strainers designed for loads 150 kN each. Cars with axle-load exceeding 235 kN ought to be equipped in the midpart with additional strainer on each side. …”
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High Accuracy Weigh-In-Motion Systems for Direct Enforcement by Piotr Burnos, Janusz Gajda, Ryszard Sroka, Monika Wasilewska, Cezary Dolega

“…WIM systems weigh moving vehicles, and on this basis, they estimate static parameters, i.e., static axle load and gross vehicle weight. The design and principle of operation of WIM systems result in their high sensitivity to many disturbing factors, including climatic factors. …”
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Investigation on permanent deformation in steel-concrete composite beam bridge deck pavement under temperature-load coupling effect by Jing Yang, Liming Tan, Xiangyu Qi, Chenchen Zhang

“…Additionally, after 500,000 times of standard axle load application, “EA + SMA” exhibits the smallest permanent deformation and the best resistance to rutting distress under temperature-load coupling effect. …”
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Evaluation of Design Procedure and Performance of Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement According to AASHTO Design Methods by Milad Moharekpour, Pengfei Liu, Joshua Schmidt, Markus Oeser, Ruxin Jing

“…It functions by incorporating additional attributes such as environment, material properties, and vehicle axle load to predict pavement performance and degradation at the selected reliability level over the intended performance period. …”
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Mechanical Wear Contact between the Wheel and Rail on a Turnout with Variable Stiffness by Jerzy Kisilowski, Rafał Kowalik

“…To analyse the causes of rail wear in turnouts, selected technical–operational parameters were assumed, such as the type of rail vehicle, the type of turnout, and the maximum allowable axle load. The wear process of turnout elements (along its length) and wheel wear is presented. …”
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Design of instrumented wheelset for measuring wheel-rail interaction forces by Milan Bižić, Dragan Petrović

“…The platform is a standard heavy wheelset BA314 with an axle-load of 25 tons. The key problems of smart instrumentalization are solved by the use of the wheel’s numerical FEM model, which provides a significant cost reduction in the initial stage of development of the instrumented wheelset. …”
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Vehicle-Assisted Techniques for Health Monitoring of Bridges by Hoofar Shokravi, Hooman Shokravi, Norhisham Bakhary, Mahshid Heidarrezaei, Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor, Michal Petrů

“…The applied load to highway bridges depends on several traffic parameters such as weight of vehicles, axle load, configuration of axles, position of vehicles on the bridge, number of vehicles, direction, and vehicle’s speed. …”
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Effect of Different Combined Excitation on the Vibration Characteristics of Locomotive Gear Transmission by Tao Zhang, Xiaohui Dang, Yong He, Jianlong Xie, He Ma

“…With the continuous improvement of locomotive operating speed, increasing axle load and increasing traction power, the dynamic excitation of wheel-rail interface and gear pair interface have become more and more intense, directly affecting the operational reliability or even safety of the locomotive or the train. …”
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A novel evaluation method of mining goaf ground activation under high-speed railway load by Lian-Wei Ren, Peng-Fei He, You-Feng Zou, Chao Yang, Zhi-Lin Dun, Zheng-Sheng Zou, Chunyu Shi

“…Numerical models for simulating high-speed railway founded on goaf are set up using the commercial software package FLAC3D, where factors such as subgrade height, train speed, and axle load are investigated in terms of train load disturbance depth and the extent of the caving fracture zone. …”
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Dynamic Responses of Semi-Flexible Pavements Used for the Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit by Biao Pan, Hongjian Zhang, Song Liu, Minghui Gong, Jun Yang

“…The service environment of an ART pavement is significantly different from that of the conventional pavement due to the large axle load and high tire pressure of ART vehicles. A test section was constructed in the Zhuzhou ART system and a tire–pavement coupling FE model was built to explore the distribution features of the dynamic responses as well as to optimize the material and structural design. …”
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Field Investigation of the Dynamic Response of Culvert–Embankment–Culvert Transitions in a High-Speed Railway by Ping Hu, Huo Liu, Yi-Zhi Tang, Yu-Liang Lin

“…For example, the sections 14.5 m and 30 m from the 679 culvert and the bed layer should be specially stabilized; (iii) the train’s axle load and driving direction show a great effect on corresponding sections and layers but present a small effect on the sections and layers nearby; and (iv) 260 km/h is a critical speed.…”
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The influence of the reliability of wheelsets of innovative wagons in operation on the need for new wheels by Boronenko Yuri, Gayipov Aziz, Rahimov Rustam, Abdullaev Bakhrom, Galimova Farida, Zafarov Diyor

“…The features of newly produced innovative wagons with a higher axle load and an increased turnaround time are considered. …”
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Research on dependence of fuel consumption on cargo weight in long-distance transport by Kh. Kh. Khabibullozoda, N. K. Goriaev

“…The study is conducted on MercedesBenz Actros-1840 truck tractors equipped with fuel consumption monitoring devices and devices for determining axle loads. The cargo weigh is determined by subtracting the curb weight from the actual one according to the axle load data. …”
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Coordination Characteristics Analysis of Deformation between Polymer Anti-Seepage Wall and Earth Dam under Traffic Load by Hongyuan Fang, Hong Zhang, Binghan Xue, Jianglin Gao, Yan Li, Xinlei Gao, Aiping Tian

“…That is, when the passing vehicle has a light axle load and passes quickly over the anti-seepage wall, it has less impact on the dam.…”
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An Experimental Study on Bitumen Properties Modified with Polypropylene Polymer from Waste Disposable Cups for Flexible Pavement Applications by Murana A. Abdulfatai, Victor O. Ogbodo, Abdulmumin A. Shuaibu, Suleiman Abdulhakeem

“…Also, the significantly higher axle load and traffic volume beyond design limits result in serious pavement deterioration problems. …”
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